Linuxdoc Sgml/NET-3-HOWTO
<!doctype linuxdoc system>
<article>
<title>
¸®´ª½º NET-3-HOWTO, Linux Networking.
<author> ÀúÀÚ : Terry Dawson, VK2KTJ, <url url="mailto:terry@perf.no.itg.telstra.com.au" name="terry@perf.no.itg.telstra.com.au">
<date>ÀϽà : 1997³â 7¿ù 12ÀÏ (2/3 ºÐ·®)
<trans>¿ªÀÚ : Á¶¿ëÁØ , <url url="mailto:sudoer@nownuri.net" name="sudoer@nownuri.net">
<url url="mailto:vandal@danjae.skku.ac.kr" name="vandal@danjae.skku.ac.kr">
<abstract>
¸®´ª½º ¿ÀÆÛ·¹ÀÌÆÃ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀº °ÅÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÌ scratch·Î ÀÛ¼ºµÈ Ä¿³Î±â¹ÝÀÇ ³×Æ®
¿öÅ· Áö¿øÀ» ÀÚ¶û½º·´°Ô ¿©±ä´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù Ä¿³Î¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ´Â tcp/ip implementa
tionÀÇ ¼º´ÉÀº ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¼öÁØÀÇ µµ±¸¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼µµ ±×°ÍÀ» °¡Ä¡ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé¾î
ÁØ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¹®¼´Â ¸®´ª½º ³×Æ®¿öÅ· ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î, °ü·ÃµÈ ÅøµéÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¿Í ¼³Á¤¹æ¹ýÀ» ±â¼ú
Çϴµ¥ ¸ñÇ¥¸¦ µÎ°íÀÖ´Ù.
</abstract>
<toc>
<sect> ÀÌÀü ¹öÀü°ú ´Þ¶óÁø °Í.<p>
<verb>
Additions:
lots of things.
Corrections/Updates:
everything.
</verb>
</p>
<sect> ¼Ò°³
<p>
ÃÖÃÊÀÇ NET-FAQ´Â °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ ¸®´ª½º µµÅ¥¸ÕÆ® ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®°¡ ½ÃÀ۵DZâÀü ³ª¿Í Matt
Welsh¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¸®´ª½º ³×Æ®¿öÅ·°ú °ü·ÃµÇ¾î Á¾Á¾ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â Áú¹®µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´äÀ»
ÇϱâÀ§Çؼ ÀÛ¼ºµÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº Ãʱâ¹öÀüÀÇ ¸®´ª½º ³×Æ®¿öÅ· Ä¿³Î¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÎºÐ
±îÁö ´Ù·ç°í ÀÖ´Ù. net-2-howto´Â net-faq¸¦ À̾î¹ÞÀº °ÍÀ̸ç, ÃÖÃÊÀÇ LDP howt
o ¹®¼ÀÇ Çϳª¿´°í, ¸®´ª½º ³×Æ®¿öÅ· ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¹öÀü 2, ÈÄ¿¡ ¹öÀü 3·Î ºÒ¸®
´Â °Íµé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³»¿ë°¡Áöµµ Æ÷ÇÔÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ¹®¼´Â ´Ù½Ã net-2-howto¸¦ À̾î
¹ÞÀº °ÍÀ̸ç À̰ÍÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ ¹öÀü 3ÀÇ ¸®´ª½º ³×Æ®¿öÅ· Ä¿³Î°ú °ü°è°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¹®¼ÀÇ Ãʱâ¹öÀüÀÇ ±×°ÍÀÇ ¹üÀ§¿¡ µé¾î°¡´Â ¸·´ëÇÑ ¾çÀÇ ³»¿ëµé·Î ÀÎÇØ ±×
Å©±â°¡ ¹«Ã´ Ä¿Á³¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇϱâ À§ÇØ Æ¯Á¤ÇÑ ³×Æ®¿öÅ· ÅäÇÈÀ»
´Ù·ç´Â howto¹®¼µéÀÌ »ý°Ü³ª°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ¹®¼´Â °ü°è°¡ µÇ´Â ºÎºÐ¿¡¼ ±×µé
¹®¼·ÎÀÇ Æ÷ÀÎÅ͸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇϸç, ´Ù¸¥ ¹®¼¿¡¼ ´Ù·ç¾îÁöÁö ¾Ê´Â ¿µ¿ªÀ» ´Ù·ç°Ô µÉ
°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
</p>
<sect1> Feedback
<p>
³ª´Â feedback°ú °¡Ä¡°¡ ÀÖ´Â Åõ°í¿¡ ´ëÇØ Ç×»ó °¨»çÇÑ´Ù. ¾î¶² feedbackÀ̳ª
Åõ°í¶óµµ ³ª¿¡°Ô e-mail ·Î º¸³»Áֱ⠹ٶõ´Ù.
<<url url="mailto:terry@perf.no.itg.telstra.com.au" name="terry@perf.no.itg.telstra.com.au">>.
</p>
<sect> ÀÌ ¹®¼¸¦ ¾î¶»°Ô »ç¿ëÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡(net-3-howto-howto?).
<p>
ÀÌ ¹®¼ÀÇ Æ÷¸ËÀº ÀÌÀü¹öÀüÀÇ °Í°ú´Â »ç¹µ ´Ù¸£´Ù. ³ª´Â ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ °ü½ÉÀ» °®Áö
¾ÊÀ¸¸é ³õÄ¥¼ö ÀÖ´Â Ä¿´Ù¶õ Á¤º¸¸¦ °¡Áø °ÍµéÀ» ¾ÕºÎºÐ¿¡, ³ª¸ÓÁö ºÎºÐÀ¸·Î ÀÌ
¾îÁö´Â ƯÁ¤ ±â¼ú ºÎºÐÀ» ÀÌÇØÇϱâ À§Çؼ ¹Ýµå½Ã ¾Ë¾ÆµÎ¾î¾ß ÇÒ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ °Íµé
À» ´ÙÀ½¿¡ º¼¼öÀÖµµ·Ï ÀÌ ¹®¼¸¦ ´Ù½Ã ±×·ìÁö¾î ³õ¾Ò´Ù.
<descrip>
<tag/ Read the generic sections/
ÀÌ ºÎºÐÀº ¸ðµç, ³ªÁß¿¡ ±â¼úµÉ °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç ºÎºÐ¿¡ Àû¿ëµÇ¸ç, ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ
ÀÌ ¹®¼ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ» ÀÌÇØÇϱâ À§Çؼ ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÑ °ÍµéÀÌ´Ù.
<tag/ Consider your network/
¿©·¯ºÐÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©°¡ ¾î¶»°Ô ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î Àִ°¡(¶Ç´Â ¾î¶»°Ô ±¸¼º
µÉ°ÍÀΰ¡)¸¦ ¾Ë¾Æ¾ßÇϸç Á¤È®È÷ ¾î¶² Çϵå¿þ¾î¿Í ¾î¶² ±â¼úÀ» »ç¿ëÇÒ °Í
Àΰ¡µµ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
<tag/ Read the technology specific sections related to your requirements/
¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀ» ¿øÇÏ´ÂÁö¸¦ ¾Ë°íÀÖÀ»¶§, ¿©·¯ºÐÀº °¢ ÄÄÆ÷³ÍÆ®·Î °ü½É
À» °®À»¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ºÎºÐÀº ƯÁ¤ ±â¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼¼ºÎÀû »çÇ׸¸À» ´Ù·é´Ù.
<tag/ Do the configuration work/
½ÇÁ¦·Î ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¸¦ ¼³Á¤Çϵµ·Ï ³ë·ÂÇØ¾ß Çϸç, ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ¹®
Á¦µéÀ» ½ÅÁßÈ÷ ±â·ÏÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
<tag/ Look for further help if needed/
ÀÌ ¹®¼°¡ ÇØ°á¿¡ µµ¿òÀ» ÁÖÁö¾Ê´Â ¹®Á¦°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿´´Ù¸é, ¾îµð¼ µµ¿òÀ»
¾ò¾î¾ß ÇÒÁö, ¶Ç´Â ¾îµð¿¡ ¹ö±×¸¦ ¸®Æ÷Æ®ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´ÂÁö¿¡ °üÇÑ ºÎºÐÀ»
Àо¾Æ¶ó.
<tag/ Have fun!/
³×Æ®¿öÅ·À̶õ ¸Å¿ì Àç¹ÌÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀ» Áñ°Ü¶ó~!
</descrip>
</p>
<sect> General Information about Linux Networking.
<sect1> ¸®´ª½º ³×Æ®¿öÅ· Ä¿³Î °³¹ßÀÇ °£·«ÇÑ ¿ª»ç.<p>
ÀÌ¹Ì ³ª¿ÍÀÖ´Â implementation ¸¸ÅÀ̳ª Àß µ¿ÀÛÇÏ´Â ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ »õ·Î¿î tcp/ip ÇÁ
·ÎÅäÄÝ ½ºÅÃÀÇ Ä¿³Î implementationÀ» °³¹ßÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ½¬¿îÀÏÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ
¹Ì ³ª¿ÍÀÖ´Â implementationÀÇ Çϳª¸¦ Æ÷ÆÃÇÏÁö ¾Ê±â·Î ÇÏ´Â °áÁ¤Àº U.S.L¿¡ ÀÇ
ÇØ ³»·ÁÁø ¹ýÁ¤ °æ¿ì·Î ÀÎÇØ Á¦ÇÑµÈ Ä«ÇǶóÀÌÆ®¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ÇöÁ¸ÇÏ´Â implementat
ion µéÀÌ ÁöÀåÀ» ¹ÞÁö´Â ¾ÊÀ»Áö È®½ÇÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº°æ¿ì, ¶Ç´Â ÀÌ¹Ì ³ª¿ÍÀִ°ͺ¸´Ù
³´°Ô ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ »õ·Î¿î °ÍÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé±â À§ÇÑ ¿Á¤ÀÌ ÀÖÀ»¶§¿¡¸¸ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³´Ù.
Ä¿³ÎÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÄÚµå °³¹ßÀ» À̲ø¾î°¡±â À§ÇÑ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ÀÚ¿øÀÚ´Â Ross Brio¿´´Ù.
<<url url="mailto:biro@yggdrasil.com" name="biro@yggdrasil.com">>. Ross´Â °£´ÜÇÏ°í ºÒ¿ÏÀüÇϳª ¸Å¿ì À¯¿ëÇÑ implementati
on ·çƾÀ» ¸¸µé¾ú´Âµ¥ À̰ÍÀº WD-8003 ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º Ä«µåÀÇ ÀÌ´õ³Ý µå¶ó
À̹ö·Î º¸¿ÏµÇ¾îÁ³´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ÀÌ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î·Î Å×½ºÆÃ°ú ½ÇÇèÀ»
Çϱ⿡ ÃæºÐÇßÀ¸¸ç, ¾î¶² »ç¶÷µéÀº ÀÌ ¼³Á¤À» ÅëÇØ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸Ó½ÅÀ» °¡±î½º·Î ÀÎ
ÅÍ³Ý»ó¿¡ ¿Ã·Á³õ±âµµ ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ·ÎÀÎÇØ ³×Æ®¿öÅ· Áö¿øÀ» °³¹ßÇϰí ÀÖ´ø ¸®´ª½º
°øµ¿Ã¼³»¿¡¼¼ÀÇ ¾Ð·ÂÀÌ ÀϾ°í, °á±¹ Ross¿¡°Ô ÀÖ¾ú´ø ºÒ°øÁ¤ÇÑ ¾Ð·Â°ú ÀÌÀÍ
¿¡ Ä¡ÁßÇÏ´ø ±×ÀÇ À§¿øÈ¸·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© Ross´Â ¸®´õ °³¹ßÀÚÀÇ ÀÚ¸®¿¡¼ ¹°·¯³ª°Ô µÇ
¾ú´Ù.
³íÀ︸À» ÀÏ»ï´ø ȯ°æ¼Ó¿¡¼µµ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ°í ½ÇÁ¦·Î À¯¿ëÇÑ ¹«¾ð°¡¸¦ ³»
³õ±â À§ÇÑ Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌ´Â ±×ÀÇ ³ë·ÂÀº ÀÌÈÄÀÇ ÀÛ¾÷¿¡ Ã˸Ű¡ µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, Çö
ÀçÀÇ ¼º°ø¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °¡Àå º»Á÷ÀûÀÎ ¿ä¼Ò·Î ÀÚ¸®Àâ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
Orest Zborowski´Â <<url url="mailto:obz@Kodak.COM" name="obz@Kodak.COM">> ¸®´ª½º¸¦ À§ÇÑ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ BSD ¼ÒÄÏ ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¹Ö
¾ðÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ ¸¸µé¾î³Â´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ÀÌ¹Ì ³ª¿ÍÀÖ´ø ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÀÀ¿ëÇÁ·Î±×·¥µéÀ» ¸¹
Àº ¼öÁ¤¾øÀÌ ¸®´ª½º¿¡¼ »ç¿ëÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇØÁÜÀ¸·Î½á Ä¿´Ù¶õ Áøº¸¸¦ ÀÌ·ç¾î³Â´Ù.
À̶§Âë ´Ù¸¥ ¾îµò°¡¿¡¼ Laurence CulhaneÀº <<url url="mailto:loz@holmes.demon.co.uk" name="loz@holmes.demon.co.uk">> ¸®´ª½º
¿¡ SILP ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀ» Áö¿øÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ µå¶óÀ̹ö¸¦ °³¹ßÇØ ³Â´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ÀÌ
´õ³Ý ³×Æ®¿öÅ· ¾ï¼¼½º¸¦ ÇÒ¼ö¾ø´ø ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ »õ·Î¿î ³×Æ®¿öÅ· ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î¸¦
½ÇÇèÇÒ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇØÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ¶Ç ¾î¶² »ç¶÷µéÀº ÀÌ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î¸¦ ÀÎÅͳÝÀ» Á¢¼ÓÇÏ
´Âµ¥ »ç¿ëÇϱ⵵ ÇÏ¿´´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ¸®´ª½º°¡ ÃæºÐÇÑ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© Áö¿øÀ» °®°ÔµÈ´Ù¸é
½ÇÇöµÉ¼öÀÖ´Â °¡´É¼ºµéÀ» ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¸Àº¼¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ³×Æ®¿ö
Å· ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î¸¦ °¡Áö°í ½ÇÁ¦·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ½ÇÇèÇÏ´Â »ç¿ëÀÚ¼ö¸¦ ´Ã¾î³ª°Ô Çß´Ù.
³×Æ®¿öÅ· Áö¿øÀ» Çϴµ¥ ÀÏÀÍÀ» ´ã´çÇÑ ¶Ç ÇÑ»ç¶÷Àº ¹Ù·Î Fred Van KempenÀ̾ú
´Ù. <<url url="mailto:waltje@uwalt.nl.mugnet.org" name="waltje@uwalt.nl.mugnet.org">>. Ross°¡ ¸®µå °³¹ßÀڷμÀÇ À§Ä¡¿¡¼ ¹°·¯³
ºÒÈ®½ÇÇÑ ±â°£ÈÄ¿¡ Fred´Â ±×ÀÇ ½Ã°£°ú ³ë·ÂÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç º»ÁúÀûÀ¸·Î °æÀïÀÚ
°¡ ¾ø´Â ¿ªÇÒÀ» ¹Þ¾Æµé¿´´Ù. Fred´Â ¸®´ª½º ³×Æ®¿öÅ· ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î¸¦ À̲ø¾î°¡´Â
¹æÇâ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾ß½ÉÂù °èȹÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ¾úÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î ÁøÇàÇØ ³ª°¬´Ù.
Fred´Â 'NET-2' Ä¿³Î ÄÚµå¶ó ºÒ¸®´Â ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ· Äڵ带 ¸¸µé¾î ³Â´Âµ¥(Ros
sÀÇ °Í¿¡¼ À¯·¡ÇÑ 'NET'), À̰ÍÀº ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ À¯¿ëÇÏ°Ô ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
Fred´Â Á¤½ÄÀ¸·Î ¸î°³ÀÇ °³Çõ¾ÈÀº °³¹ß ¿¹Á¤¾È¿¡ Áý¾î³Ö¾ú´Âµ¥, ´ÙÀ̳ª¹Í µð¹Ù
À̽º ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º, ¾Æ¸¶Ãß¾î ¶óµð¿À AX.25 ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ Áö¿ø, Á»´õ ¸ðµâÀûÀ¸·Î µðÀÚ
ÀÎµÈ ³×Æ®¿öÅ· implementationµéÀÌ ±×°ÍµéÀÌ´Ù. FredÀÇ NET-2 ÄÚµå´Â ²Ï ¸¹Àº
¼öÀÇ ¿±¤Àڵ鿡 ÀÇÇØ »ç¿ëµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, ±× ¼ö´Â ±× ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î°¡ µ¿ÀÛÇÑ´Ù´Â ¸»ÀÌ
ÆÛÁü¿¡ µû¶ó °è¼ÓÇØ¼ ´Ã¾î°¬´Ù. ÀÌ ½Ã±âÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ· ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î´Â ½ºÅÄ´Ùµå Ä¿
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-faq¿Í À̾îÁö´Â net-2-howto´Â ±× ¸ðµç°ÍµéÀÌ µ¿ÀÛÇϵµ·Ï ²Ï º¹ÀâÇÑ ÇÁ·Î½ÃÁ®
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ÇÏ°Ô µ¿ÀÛÇϰí 80% Á¤µµÀÇ »ç¿ëÀÚ¸¦ ¸¸Á·½Ãų¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» ±â´ëÇϸç Àγ»½ÉÀ»
ÀҾÀ¸¸ç RossÀÇ °æ¿ì¿Í ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ¸®µå °³¹ßÀڷμÀÇ Fred¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾Ð·ÂÀÌ
»ý°Ü³µ´Ù.
Alan Cox <<url url="mailto:iialan@www.linux.uk.org" name="iialan@www.linux.uk.org">>´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »óȲÀ» Ÿ°³Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ÇØ°áÃ¥À»
Á¦½ÃÇß´Ù. ±×´Â FredÀÇ net-2 Äڵ带 °¡Á®´Ù µð¹ö±ëÀ» ÇÏ°í ¾ÈÁ¤ÀûÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé¾î
¼ Àγ»½É¾ø´Â À¯ÀúµéÀ» ¸¸Á·½Ã۰í, ¾Ð·ÂÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ Fred¸¦ ±¸Á¦ÇØ Áִµ¿¾È ±×
°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÛ¾÷À» °è¼ÓÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇØÁÖ¾ú´Ù. AlanÀº `Net-2D(ebugged)'¶ó ºÒ¸®´Â
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´Ù. ÀÌ ÄÚµå´Â ¸¹Àº ÀüÇüÀûÀΠȯ°æ¼Ó¿¡¼ ¹ÏÀ»¸¸ÇÏ°Ô µ¿ÀÛÇßÀ¸¸ç »ç¿ëÀÚµéÀ» Çà
º¹ÇÏ°Ô ÇØÁÖ¾ú´Ù. AlanÀº È®½ÇÈ÷ ±× ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¿¡ °øÇåÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀڽŸ¸ÀÇ ¾ÆÀÌ
µð¾î¿Í ±â¼úÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ¾úÀ¸¸ç, NET-2 ÄÚµåÀÇ ¹æÇâ°ú °ü°èµÈ ¸¹Àº ³íÀǵéÀÌ ÀÌ
·ç¾îÁ³´Ù. °Å±â¿¡¼ ¸®´ª½º ³×Æ®¿öÅ· »çȸ¼Ó¿¡¼ ¼·Î´Ù¸¥ µÎ°³ÀÇ ±×·ìÀÌ »ý°Ü
³µ´Âµ¥, Çϳª´Â 'ÀÏ´Ü µ¿ÀÛÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µé°í, ±× µÚ¿¡ ´õ Àß ¸¸µéÀÚ'¶ó´Â öÇÐÀ» °¡
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´Ù. Linus°¡ °á±¹¿¡´Â ÁßÀ縦 Çϰí, AlanÀÇ °³¹ß ³ë·Â¿¡ ÁöÁö¸¦ Ç¥Çϸç, ±×ÀÇ
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°ÍÀº ¶ÇÇÑ °³¹ß ÁøÇà°úÁ¤ÀÌ ´õµ®Áö°í ¾î·Á¿öÁüÀ» ÀǹÌÇß´Ù. Fred´Â ªÀº ±â°£µ¿
¾È °³¹ßÀ» °è¼ÓÇÏ´Ù °á±¹Àº Æ÷±âÇÏ°í ¸»¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, Alan ¸®´ª½º ³×Æ®¿öÅ· Ä¿³Î °³
¹ß ³ë·ÂÀÇ »õ·Î¿î ¸®´õ°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù.
Donald Becker <<url url="mailto:becker@cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov" name="becker@cesdis.gsfc.nasa.gov">>´Â °ð ³×Æ®¿öÅ©ÀÇ ·Î¿ì ·¹º§ ±¹¸é
¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àç´ÉÀ» µå·¯³ÂÀ¸¸ç ¸·´ëÇÑ ¾çÀÇ ÀÌ´õ³Ý µå¶óÀ̹ö¸¦ °³¹ßÇØ³Â´Ù.
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Àº °è¼ÓÇØ¼ ±× Äڵ带 ÁÖ¹°·°°Å·È°í(? ^^;) Áö±ÝÀÇ »óÅ¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö ¹ßÀü½Ã
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PPPÀÇ Áö¿øÀº Michel Callahan <<url url="mailto:callahan@maths.ox.ac.uk" name="callahan@maths.ox.ac.uk">>°ú Al Longyear<
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Jonathon Naylor <<url url="mailto:jsn@cs.nott.ac.uk" name="jsn@cs.nott.ac.uk">>´Â AlanÀÇ AX.25 Äڵ忡 NetRom ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ
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¹ßÀº ¸®´ª½º ½ºÅ¸ÀÏÀÇ ºÎÁ¤ºÎÁÖÀÇÀû °³¹ßÀÇ °á°ú·Î ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ¿¹°¡ µÈ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀÌ
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</p>
<sect1> ¸®´ª½º ³×Æ®¿öÅ·¿¡ °üÇÑ ´Ù¸¥ Á¤º¸´Â ¾îµð¿¡¼ ¾òÀ»°ÍÀΰ¡?
<p>
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ÇöÀçÀÇ ¸®´ª½º Ä¿³Î ³×Æ®¿öÅ· ÄÚµåÀÇ ¸ÞÀÎÅ×À̳ÊÀÎ Alan Cox´Â ¸®´ª½º ³×Æ®¿öÅ·
ÀÇ ÇöÀç ±×¸®°í »õ·ÎÀÌ °³¹ßµÇ´Â °ÍµéÀ» Á¶¸íÇÏ´Â www ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ ¿î¿µÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù.
<<url url="http://www.uk.linux.org/NetNews.html" name="www.uk.linux.org/NetNews.html">>.
´Ù¸¥ ÁÁÀº Àå¼Ò´Â Olaf Kirch°¡ ¾´ Network Administration Guide¶õ Ã¥ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ
°ÍÀº Linux Document ProjectÀÇ ÀÛ¾÷¹°À̸ç <<url url="http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/" name="sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/">> ¿©
·¯ºÐÀº À̰ÍÀº Network Administration Guide HTML ¹öÀüÀ¸·Î ¾ðÁ¦¶óµµ ÀÐÀ»¼ö
ÀÖ´Ù. <<url url="http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/LDP/nag/nag.html" name="sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/LDP/nag/nag.html">> ±×·¸Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ¿©·¯ºÐÀº
the sunsite.unc.edu LDP ftp archive·Î ´Ù¾çÇÑ Æ÷¸ËÀ¸·Î µÈ°ÍÀ» ±¸ÇÒ¼öµµ ÀÖ
´Ù. <<url url="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/LDP/network-guide/" name="sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/LDP/network-guide/">> Olaf KirchÀÇ
Ã¥Àº ÀÌÇØÇϱⰡ ½±°í ¸®´ª½º »ó¿¡¼ÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼³Á¤¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÇÏÀÌ ·¹º§ÀÇ °üÁ¡
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comp.os.linux.networking <news:comp.os.linux.networking>
¸®´ª½º ³×Æ®¿öÅ·¿¡ °ü°èµÈ Áú¹®À» ÇÒ¼öÀÖ´Â °÷À¸·Î µî·ÏÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¸ÞÀϸµ ¸®½º
Æ®µµ ÀÖ´Ù. µî·ÏÀ» Çϱâ À§Çؼ´Â ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¸ÞÀÏÀ» º¸³»¶ó:
To: <url url="mailto:majordomo@vger.rutgers.edu" name="majordomo@vger.rutgers.edu">
<verb>
Subject: anything at all
Message:
subscribe linux-net
</verb>
¸¹Àº IRC ³×Æ®¿öÅ© »ó¿¡´Â Á¾Á¾ ¸®´ª½º ä³Î #linux°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ¿©±â¿¡¼ »ç¶÷µé
Àº ³×Æ®¿öÅ·¿¡ °üÇÑ Áú¹®ÀÇ ´äÀ» µéÀ»¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.
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µ¥ ƯÈ÷ Ä¿³Î ¹öÀü, pppd³ª dip°°Àº ÅøÀÇ ¹öÀü, ±×¸®°í ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ °æÇèÇÑ ¹®Á¦ÀÇ
Ư¼ºÀ» Á¤È®È÷ ¾ð±ÞÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ³»¸° ¸í·É°ú ³ªÅ¸³ ¿¡·¯¸Þ½ÃÁö
ÀÇ Á¤È®ÇÑ ±¸¹®À» ±â·ÏÇØ¾ß ÇÔÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. </p>
<sect1> ¾îµð¿¡¼ ¸®´ª½º¿¡ ±¹ÇѵÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ³×Æ®¿öÅ© Á¤º¸¸¦ ¾òÀ»¼ö Àִ°¡?<p>
¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ tcp/ip ³×Æ®¿öÅ·ÀÇ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ ÇнÀÀ» ¸¶Ä£»óŶó¸é ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¹®¼¸¦ ã¾Æ
º¼°ÍÀ» ±ÇÀåÇÑ´Ù.
tcp/ip introduction
this document comes as both a text version
<<url url="ftp://athos.rutgers.edu/runet/tcp-ip-admin.doc" name="athos.rutgers.edu/runet/tcp-ip-admin.doc">> and a
postscript version <<url url="ftp://athos.rutgers.edu/runet/tcp-ip-
admin.ps" name="athos.rutgers.edu/runet/tcp-ip-admin.ps">>.
tcp/ip¿¡ °üÇÑ Á»´õ ¼¼ºÎÀûÀÎ Á¤º¸µéÀ» ¾Ë°í³ µÚ¶ó¸é ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ °ÍÀ» °·ÂÈ÷ Ãßõ
ÇÑ´Ù.
"Internetworking with TCP/IP"
<verb>
by Douglas E. Comer
ISBN 0-13-474321-0
Prentice Hall publications.
</verb>
À¯´Ð½º ȣȯ ȯ°æ¿¡¼ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¾îÇø®ÄÉÀÌ¼Ç ÀÛ¼º¿¡ °üÇØ ¹è¿ì°í ½Í´Ù¸é, ´ÙÀ½
À» °·ÂÈ÷ ÃßõÇÑ´Ù.
"Internetworking with TCP/IP"
<verb>
by Douglas E. Comer
ISBN 0-13-474321-0
Prentice Hall publications.
</verb>
comp.protocols.tcp-ip¸¦ µÚÁ®º¼¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. <news:comp.protocols.tcp-ip>
ÀÎÅͳݰú tcp-ip ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ suite°ú °ü·ÃµÈ ƯÁ¤ ±â¼ú Á¤º¸ÀÇ Áß¿äÇÑ ¼Ò½ºÇϳª°¡
¹Ù·Î RFCsÀÌ´Ù. RFC´Â 'Request For Comment'ÀÇ ¸Ó¸´±ÛÀÚÀ̸ç, ÀÎÅÍ³Ý ÇÁ·ÎÄÚÅç
ÀÇ Ç¥ÁØÀ» Á¦¾ÈÇÏ°í µµÅ¥¸ÕÆÃ Çϴ ǥÁØÀûÀÎ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù. RFC¸¦ º¸°üÇϰí Àִ°÷
Àº ¸¹ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ »çÀÌÆ®ÀÇ »ó´çºÎºÐÀº FTP »çÀÌÆ®ÀÌ¸ç Æ¯Á¤ Ű¿öµå·Î RFC µ¥ÀÌ
Åͺ£À̽º¸¦ °Ë»öÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ¿¬°á½ÃÄѳí www »çÀÌÆ®µµ ÀÖ´Ù.
RFC¸¦ À§ÇÑ ¼Ò½ºÁß Çϳª°¡ ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
<<url url="http://pubweb.nexor.co.uk/public/rfc/index/rfc.html" name="pubweb.nexor.co.uk/public/rfc/index/rfc.html">>
</p>
<sect> ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼³Á¤°ú °ü·ÃµÇ Á¤º¸.
<p>
´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ºÎºÐµéÀ» ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ½ÇÁ¦·Î ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇϱâÀü¿¡ ¾Ë°í ÀÌÇØÇÒ
Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ´Â °ÍµéÀÌ´Ù. À̵éÀº ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ·Á´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ©ÀÇ Á¤È®ÇÑ Æ¯¼º¿¡
°ü°è¾øÀÌ Àû¿ëµÇ´Â ±âº»ÀûÀÎ ¿ø¸®µéÀÌ´Ù.
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</p>
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<p>
ÇöÀç ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ¿î¿µÇϰí ÀÖ´Â Ä¿³ÎÀÌ ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ½Í¾îÇÏ´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ© Ÿ
ÀÔÀ̳ª Ä«µåµîÀ» Áö¿øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»¼öµµ Àֱ⶧¹®¿¡ ÀûÀýÇÑ ¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î Ä¿³ÎÀ» ´Ù½Ã
ÄÄÆÄÀÏÇϱâ À§Çؼ Ä¿³Î ¼Ò½º°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.
¿©·¯ºÐÀº ftp.funet.fi¿¡¼ ÃֽŹöÀüÀÇ Ä¿³Î ¼Ò½º¸¦ ¾òÀ»¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
<<url url="ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/Linux/PEOPLE/Linus/v2.0" name="tp.funet.fi/pub/Linux/PEOPLE/Linus/v2.0">>
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¶»°Ô ÆÐÄ¡¸¦ Àû¿ëÇϰí Ä¿³ÎÀ» ¸¸µé°ÍÀΰ¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¾Ë±â À§Çؼ´Â kernel-
howto¸¦ Àоî¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. kernel-moduleÀÇ ¼³Á¤¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾Ë°í½Í´Ù¸é module-howto¸¦
Àоî¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
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¼öÀÎ °Í) ½Ã½ºÅÛ»óÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î¿Í ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÀÏÀ¸Å³¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±¸Á¶ ÀÚüÀÇ ¶Ç
´Â ´Ù¸¥ º¯È°¡ ÀÖÀ»¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ±×·¯ÇÑ Á¾·ùÀÇ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°ÉÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í
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±×°ÍÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó.
</p>
<sect2>ÇöÀçÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© Åø.
<p>
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¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù.
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³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÅøÀº ÇöÀç Bernd Eckenfels¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °ü¸®µÇ¸ç, ftp.inka.de¿¡¼ ±¸ÇÒ
¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
<<url url="ftp://ftp.inka.de/pub/comp/Linux/networking/NetTools/" name="ftp.inka.de/pub/comp/Linux/networking/NetTools/">> and are
¶Ç ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ¹Ì·¯¸µµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
<<url url="ftp://ftp.linux.uk.org/pub/linux/Networking/PROGRAMS/NetTools/" name="ftp.linux.uk.org/pub/linux/Networking/PROGRAMS/NetTools/">>.
¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ »ç¿ëÇϰíÀÚ ÇÏ´Â Ä¿³Î ¹öÀü°ú °¡Àå ÀûÇÕÇÑ ¹öÀüÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇØ¾ß ÇÔÀ» ¸í½É
Ç϶ó. ±×¸®°í ÀνºÅçÀ» ÇÏ·Á¸é ÆÐŰÁö ¾ÈÀÇ Áö½Ã¸¦ µû¸£¶ó.
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<verb>
#
# cd /usr/src
# tar xvfz net-tools-1.32-alpha.tar.gz
# cd net-tools-1.32-alpha
# make config
# make
# make install
#
</verb>
Ãß°¡·Î, ÆÄÀÌ¾î ¿ùÀ» ¼³Á¤Çϰí, IP ¸Ó½ºÄ¿·¹À̵带 »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ½Í´Ù¸é ipfwadm ¸í
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<verb>
#
# cd /usr/src
# tar xvfz ipfwadm-2.3.0.tar.gz
# cd ipfwadm-2.3.0
# make
# make install
#
</verb>
</p>
<sect2> ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÀÀ¿ë ÇÁ·Î±×·¥<p>
³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÀÀ¿ë ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À̶õ telnet, ftp µîÀÇ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥°ú °¢°¢ÀÇ ¼¹ö ÇÁ·Î±×
·¥À» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. David Holland<<url url="mailto:dholland@hcs.harvard.edu" name="dholland@hcs.harvard.edu">>´Â ÀÌÁ¦ À̵é ÇÁ·Î±×·¥
ÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀ» °ü¸®Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¿©·¯ºÐÀº <url url="ftp://ftp.linux.uk.org" name="ftp.linux.uk.org">¿¡¼ ±×°ÍÀ» ±¸ÇÒ¼ö°¡
ÀÖ´Ù.
<<url url="ftp://ftp.uk.linux.org/pub/linux/Networking/base" name="ftp.uk.linux.org/pub/linux/Networking/base">>.
ÀÌ ±ÛÀ» ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â ½Ã±âÀÇ ÇöÀç¹öÀüÀ» ¼³Ä¡, ¼³Á¤ÇÏ·Á¸é ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ Ç϶ó.
<verb>
#
# cd /usr/src
# tar xvfz /pub/net/NetKit-B-0.08.tar.gz
# cd NetKit-B-0.08
# more README
# vi MCONFIG
# make
# make install
#
</verb>
</p>
<sect2> Addresses.
<p>
ÀÎÅͳÝÀÇ ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ ¾îµå·¹½º´Â 4 ¹ÙÀÌÆ®·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. À̰Ϳ¡ ´ëÇÑ ÇÕÀÇ´Â ÁÖ
¼Ò¸¦ 'dotted decimal notation'À̶ó ºÒ¸®´Â ²Ã·Î ±â·ÏÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ for
m¿¡¼ °¢°¢ÀÇ ¹ÙÀÌÆ®´Â 0ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ À̻󿡴 ¾ÕÀÇ 0À» »©¹ö¸° (0~255) 10Áø¼ö·Î
º¯È¯µÇ¸ç, °¢°¢ÀÇ ¹ÙÀÌÆ®´Â '.' ¹®ÀÚ·Î ºÐ¸®µÇ¾î ¾²¿©Áø´Ù. ±×°ÍÀÇ Æí¸®ÇÔÀ¸·Î
ÀÎÇØ È£½ºÆ®¿Í ¶ó¿ìÅÍÀÇ °¢°¢ÀÇ ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º´Â IP ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ¸î¸î ȯ°æ
¼Ó¿¡¼´Â ´ÜÀÏ ¸Ó½Å»óÀÇ °¢°¢ÀÇ Æ÷Æ®¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© °°Àº IP ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °Í
ÀÌ ÇÕ¹ýÀûÀÌÁö¸¸ º¸Åë °¢ ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º´Â ÀڽŸ¸ÀÇ ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ °®±â¸¶·ÃÀÌ´Ù.
ÀÎÅÍ³Ý ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©´Â ÀÎÁ¢ÇØ ÀÖ´Â IP ¾îµå·¹½ºµéÀÇ ½ÃÄö½ºÀÌ´Ù. ³×Æ®¿ö
Å©»óÀÇ ¸ðµç ¾îµå·¹½º´Â °øÅëÀûÀ¸·Î ¸î°³ÀÇ Á¡(digit)À» ¾îµå·¹½º³»¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔÇϰí
ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÑ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©ÀÇ ¾îµå·¹½º¿¡¼ °øÅëÀûÀÎ ºÎºÐÀº 'network portion'À̶ó ºÒ
¸°´Ù. 'network portion'À» Á¦¿ÜÇÑ ³ª¸ÓÁö ºÎºÐÀº 'host portion'À̶ó°í ºÒ¸°
´Ù. ³×Æ®¿öÅ©ÀÇ ¸ðµç ¾îµå·¹½º¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °øÀ¯µÇ´Â bitÀº netmask¶ó ºÒ¸®´Âµ¥, ¾î
¶² ¾îµå·¹½º°¡ ±×°ÍÀÌ Àû¿ëµÈ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´ÂÁö, ¼ÓÇÏÁö ¾Ê´ÂÁö¸¦ °áÁ¤Áþ´Â
°ÍÀÌ netmaskÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀÌ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¿¹¸¦ »ìÆìº¸ÀÚ.
<verb>
----------------- ---------------
Host Address 192.168.110.23
Network Mask 255.255.255.0
Network Portion 192.168.110.
Host portion .23
----------------- ---------------
Network Address 192.168.110.0
Broadcast Address 192.168.110.255
----------------- ---------------
</verb>
netmask³»¿¡¼ 'bitwise anded'µÈ ¾îµå·¹½º´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¼ÓÇÑ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©ÀÇ ¾îµå·¹½º
¸¦ °ø°³ÇÏ°Ô µÉ°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ³×Æ®¿öÅ©ÀÇ ¾îµå·¹½º ¹üÀ§Áß¿¡¼ °¡Àå ³·Àº ³Ñ
¹öÀÇ ¾îµå·¹½º´Â Ç×»ó network address°¡ µÇ´Â°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Ç×»ó 0À¸·Î ÄÚµåµÈ
'host portion'À» °®°Ô µÈ´Ù.
ºê·Îµåij½ºÆ® ¾îµå·¹½º´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ ¾îµå·¹½º¿¡ ´õÇÏ¿© ³×Æ®¿öÅ©³»ÀÇ ¸ðµç
È£½ºÆ®°¡ µè´Â Ưº°ÇÑ ¾îµå·¹½ºÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¾îµå·¹½º´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ© »óÀÇ ¸ðµç È£½ºÆ®
°¡ µ¿½Ã¿¡ µè°Ô²û ÇÒ¶§ µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥ÀÌ º¸³»Áö´Â ¾îµå·¹½ºÀÌ´Ù. 'ºê·Îµåij½ºÆ®¶õ
¾î¶²°ÍÀ̾î¾ß Çϴ°¡'¸¦ À§ÇØ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â °øÅëÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÇ´Â µÎ°¡ÁöÀÇ Ç¥ÁØ»çÇ×
ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. °¡Àå ³Î¸® ¹Þ¾Æµé¿©Áö°í Àִ°ÍÀº ÇØ´ç ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡¼ °¡Àå ³ôÀº °ªÀ»
Áö´Ï´Â ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ ºê·Îµåij½ºÆ® ¾îµå·¹½º·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À§ÀÇ ¿¹¿¡¼ ÀÌ
°ÍÀº 192.168.110.255°¡ µÈ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ »çÀÌÆ®¿¡¼´Â ¸î°¡Áö ÀÌÀ¯·Î ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¾îµå
·¹½º¸¦ ºê·Îµåij½ºÆ® ¾îµå·¹½º·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» äÅÃÇß´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦·Î ¾î´À°ÍÀ»
»ç¿ëÇϴ°¡ Çϴ°ÍÀº º°·Î ¹®Á¦°¡ µÇÁö ¾ÊÁö¸¸ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©»óÀÇ ¸ðµç È£½ºÆ®°¡ °°
Àº ºê·Îµåij½ºÆ® ¾îµå·¹½º·Î ¼³Á¤µÇ¾î Àִ°¡´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã È®ÀÎÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. IP ÇÁ·Î
ÅäÄÝ °³¹ß ÃʱâÀÇ ¾ðÁ¨°¡ °ü¸®»óÀÇ ÀÌÀ¯·Î ÀÓÀÇÀÇ ±×·ìÀÇ ¾îµå·¹½º°¡ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©
¿¡ Çü¼ºµÇ¾ú°í, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©´Â 'class'¶ó ºÒ¸®´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ±×·ìȵǾú´Ù.
ÀÌ Å¬·¡½º´Â ÇÒ´çÇÒ¼ö Àִ ǥÁØ »çÀÌÁî ³×Æ®¿öÅ©ÀÇ °¹¼ö¸¦ Á¦°øÇØÁØ´Ù. ÇÒ´çµÈ
¹üÀ§´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
<verb>
----------------------------------------------------------
| Network | Netmask | Network Addresses |
| Class | | |
----------------------------------------------------------
| A | 255.0.0.0 | 0.0.0.0 - 127.255.255.255 |
| B | 255.255.0.0 | 128.0.0.0 - 191.255.255.255 |
| C | 255.255.255.0 | 192.0.0.0 - 223.255.255.255 |
|Multicast| 240.0.0.0 | 224.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255 |
----------------------------------------------------------
</verb>
¾î¶² ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß Çϴ°¡´Â Á¤È®È÷ ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ÇØ¾ßÇÒÀÏÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡¿¡ µû
¶ó ´Þ¶óÁø´Ù. ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¸ðµç ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ ¾ò±â À§Çؼ´Â ´ÙÀ½À» Á¶ÇÕÇØ¼ »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß
ÇÑ´Ù.
±âÁ¸ÀÇ IP ³×Æ®¿öÅ©»ó¿¡ ¸®´ª½º ¸Ó½ÅÀ» ¼³Ä¡ÇÑ´Ù.
IP ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡ ¸®´ª½º ¸Ó½ÅÀ» ¼³Ä¡ÇϰíÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù¸é ³×Æ®¿öÅ© °ü¸®ÀÚ¿Í Á¢ÃËÇÏ¿©
´ÙÀ½ÀÇ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¹°¾îºÁ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
<itemize>
<item> Host IP Address
<item> IP network address
<item> IP broadcast address
<item> IP netmask
<item> Router address
<item> Domain Name Server Address
</itemize>
±×·±µÚ ¸®´ª½º ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µð¹ÙÀ̽º¸¦ ÀÌ ¼¼ºÎ»çÇ×À¸·Î ¼³Á¤ÇØ ÇÑ´Ù.
À̰ÍÀ» ÇÏÁö¾Ê°í´Â ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ÇÑ ¼³Á¤ÀÌ µ¿ÀÛÇϸ®¶ó ±â´ëÇÒ¼ö´Â ¾ø´Ù.
ÀÎÅͳݿ¡ ¿¬°áµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ »õ·Î¿î ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¸¸µé±â
ÀÎÅͳݿ¡ ¿¬°áµÇÁö ¾ÊÀ» »çÀûÀÎ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù¸é ¿©·¯ºÐÀº ¾Æ¹«
¾îµå·¹½º³ª ¼±ÅÃÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¾ÈÀü¼º°ú Àϰü¼ºÀÇ ÀÌÀ¯·Î Ưº°È÷
¿¹¾àµÇ¾îÀÖ´Â IP ¾îµå·¹½º°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ RFC1597¿¡
¸í½ÃµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
<verb>
-----------------------------------------------------------
| RESERVED PRIVATE NETWORK ALLOCATIONS |
-----------------------------------------------------------
| Network | Netmask | Network Addresses |
| Class | | |
-----------------------------------------------------------
| A | 255.0.0.0 | 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 |
| B | 255.255.0.0 | 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 |
| C | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 |
-----------------------------------------------------------
</verb>
¿ì¼± ³×Æ®¿öÅ©ÀÇ Å©±â¸¦ °áÁ¤ÇÑµÚ ¿øÇÏ´Â ¸¸ÅÀÇ ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
</p>
<sect1> ¾îµð¿¡ ¼³Á¤ ¸í·ÉÀ» ³Ö¾î¾ß Çϴ°¡?
<p>
¸®´ª½º ½Ã½ºÅÛ ºÎÆ® ÇÁ·Î½ÃÁ®·ÎÀÇ ¼·Î´Ùµç Á¢±Ù¹ýÀÌ ¸î°¡Áö ÀÖ´Ù. Ä¿³ÎÀÌ ºÎÆÃ
µÈ µÚ¿¡ ±×°ÍÀº Ç×»ó 'init'À̶ó´Â ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ½ÇÇàÇÑ´Ù. initÀº /etc/inittab
À̶ó´Â ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀÏÀ» ÀÐ°í ºÎÆ® °úÁ¤À» ½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù. init¿¡´Â ¸î°³ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ƯÁú(fla
vours)ÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ´Ù¾ç¼ºÀº ¸®´ª½º ¹èÆ÷º»°ú ¸Ó½ÅÀÇ ´Ù¾ç¼ºÀÇ °¡Àå Å«
¿øÀÎÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
ÈçÈ÷ /etc/inittab ÆÄÀÏÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ¿£Æ®¸®¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù.
<verb>
si::sysinit:/etc/init.d/boot
</verb>
ÀÌ ¶óÀÎÀº ½ÇÁ¦·Î ºÎÆ® ½ÃÄö½º¸¦ °ü¸®ÇÏ´Â shell ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®ÀÇ À̸§À» ¸í½ÃÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀº MS-DOS»óÀÇ autoexec.bat ÆÄÀϰú ´Ù¼Ò À¯»çÇÏ´Ù.
ÀÌ ºÎÆ® ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¿¡ ÀÇÇØ È£ÃâµÇ´Â ´Ù¸¥ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ³×Æ®¿öÅ©´Â À̵é¾È
¿¡¼ ¼³Á¤µÈ´Ù.
´ÙÀ½ Å×À̺íÀÌ ¿©·¯ºÐÀÇ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ °¡À̵å·Î »ç¿ëµÉÁöµµ ¸ð¸£°Ú´Ù.
<verb>
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Interface Config/Routing |Server Initialisation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|/etc/init.d/network |/etc/init.d/netbase
| |/etc/init.d/netstd_init
| |/etc/init.d/netstd_nfs
| |/etc/init.d/netstd_misc
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|/etc/rc.d/rc.inet1 |/etc/rc.d/rc.inet2
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-<ifname>|/etc/rc.d/init.d/network
------------------------------------------------------------------------
<¼ø¼´ë·Î Debian, Slackware, RedHat>
</verb>
´ë°³ÀÇ ¹èÆ÷º»Àº ¸¹Àº Á¾·ùÀÇ ÈçÈ÷ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÒ¼ö
ÀÖ´Â ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Æ÷ÇÔÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. À̰ÍÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù¸é ¼öµ¿ ¼³Á¤À» ½ÃµµÇϱâ Àü¿¡ ÀÌ
°ÍÀÌ ¿øÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ÇØÁÖ´ÂÁö ¾Ë¾ÆºÁ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
<verb>
-----------------------------------------
Distrib | Network configuration program
-----------------------------------------
RedHat | /sbin/netcfg
Slackware | /sbin/netconfig
-----------------------------------------
</verb>
</p>
<sect1> ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º ¸¸µé±â
<p>
¸¹Àº À¯´Ð½º ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µð¹ÙÀ̽º´Â /dev µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼ º¸ÀδÙ. ±×·¯
³ª ¸®´ª½º¿¡¼´Â ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê´Ù. ¸®´ª½ºÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µð¹ÙÀ̽º´Â ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î ³»¿¡
¼ µ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î »ý¼ºµÇ¹Ç·Î µð¹ÙÀ̽º ÆÄÀÏÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ¾ø´Ù.
´ë°³ÀÇ °æ¿ì ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µð¹ÙÀ̽º´Â ÃʱâÈÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È µð¹ÙÀ̽º µå¶óÀ̹ö¿¡ ÀÇÇØ
ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ¸¸µé¾îÁö°í Çϵå¿þ¾î¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÑ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦µé¾î ÀÌ´õ³Ý µð¹ÙÀ̽º µå¶óÀ̹ö
´Â ¼øÂ÷ÀûÀ¸·Î eth[0...n] ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ ¸¸µé°í ÀÌ´õ³Ý Çϵå¿þ¾î¸¦ À§Ä¡½ÃŲ´Ù.
ù¹øÂ°·Î ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â ÀÌ´õ³Ý Ä«µå´Â eth0°¡ µÎ¹øÂ°ÀÇ ÀÌ´õ³Ý Ä«µå´Â eth1ÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ¸î¸îÀÇ °æ¿ì, slip ¶Ç´Â ppp¿Í °°ÀÌ, ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µð¹ÙÀ̽º´Â À¯Àú ÇÁ·Î±×
·¥ÀÇ µ¿ÀÛ¿¡ÀÇÇØ ¸¸µé¾îÁø´Ù. µð¹ÙÀ̽º¿¡ ¼øÂ÷ÀûÀ¸·Î À̸§À» ºÙÀ̴°ÍÀº Àû¿ëµÇ
Áö¸¸ µð¹ÙÀ̽º°¡ ºÎÆÃ½Ã¿¡ ÀÚµ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé¾îÁöÁö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯´Â ÀÌ
´õ³Ý µå¶óÀ̹ö¿Í ´Þ¸® Ȱ¼ºÈµÈ slip, ppp µð¹ÙÀ̽ºÀÇ °³¼ö´Â ¸Ó½ÅÀÇ ÀÛµ¿½Ã°£
µ¿¾È ¸Å¿ì ´Ù¾çÇÏ°Ô ´Þ¶óÁö±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °æ¿ì´Â ´ÙÀ½ ºÎºÐ¿¡¼ ÀÚ¼¼È÷
´Ù·ç¾îÁú °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
</p>
<sect1> ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º ¼³Á¤.
<p>
ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¸ðµç ÇÁ·Î±×·¥°ú ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¾îµå·¹½º, ³×Æ®¿öÅ© Á¤º¸¸¦ ¸ðµÎ °¡Áö°í ÀÖÀ¸
¸é ÀÌÁ¦ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽ºÀÇ ¼³Á¤¿¡
°üÇØ ¸»ÇÒ¶§ ¿ì¸®´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µð¹ÙÀ̽º·ÎÀÇ ÀûÀýÇÑ ÁÖ¼Ò ÇÒ´ç°ú ´Ù¸¥ ȯ°æ ¼³Á¤
°ªÀÇ ÀûÀýÇÑ ¼¼ÆÃ¿¡ °üÇØ À̾߱⸦ Çϴ°ÍÀÌ´Ù. À̸¦ À§ÇØ °¡Àå ³Î¸® »ç¿ëµÇ´Â
¸í·ÉÀº ifconfig(interface configure)ÀÌ´Ù.
ÀüÇüÀûÀ¸·Î ¾Æ·¡¿Í À¯»çÇÑ ¸í·ÉÀ» »ç¿ëÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
<verb>
# ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
</verb>
ÀÌ °æ¿ì´Â 'eth0' ÀÌ´õ³Ý ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ IP ¾îµå·¹½º '192.168.0.1'·Î netmask¸¦
255.255.255.0À¸·Î ¼³Á¤ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸í·É¾î ³¡ºÎºÐÀÇ 'up'Àº ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º°¡ Ȱ
¼ºÈ µÉ°ÍÀ» ¸»Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù.
Ä¿³ÎÀº ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÒ¶§ ¸î°¡Áö µðÆúÆ®¸¦ °¡Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î ³×Æ®¿öÅ©
¾îµå·¹½º¿Í ºê·Îµåij½ºÆ® ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ ¸í½ÃÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖÁö¸¸, À§ÀÇ ¿¹Ã³·³ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê
´Â´Ù¸é Ä¿³ÎÀº ¼³Á¤µÇ IP ¾îµå·¹½ºÀÇ Å¬·¡½º¿¡ ±Ù°ÅÇØ ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀ¸·Î ÃßÃøÇØ ³¾°Í
ÀÌ´Ù. À§ÀÇ ¿¹¿¡¼ Ä¿³ÎÀº ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¿¡ Ŭ·¡½º-CÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©°¡ ¼³Á¤µÈ´Ù°í °¡
Á¤ÇÏ°í ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ '192.168.0.0'À¸·Î, ºê·Îµåij½ºÆ® ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦
'192.168.0.255'·Î ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù.
ifconfig ¸í·É¿¡´Â ¸¹Àº ´Ù¸¥ ¿É¼ÇÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
<descrip>
<tag/ up/ ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ Ȱ¼ºÈ½ÃŲ´Ù.
<tag/ down/
ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ ºñ Ȱ¼ºÈ½ÃŲ´Ù.
<tag/-arp/
ÀÌ ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º »ó¿¡¼ address resolution protocolÀ» »ç¿ë°¡´ÉÇϰÔ, »ç
¿ëºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù.
<tag/-allmulti/
ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º »ó¿¡¼ promiscuous ¸ðµå¸¦ °¡´É/ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. Promoscu
ous ¸ðµå¶õ ÇØ´ç µð¹ÙÀ̽º¸¦ ÇâÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ÆÐŶÀÌ¶óµµ ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀϼö ÀÖµµ·Ï
ÇÏ´Â ¸ðµå¸¦ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº tcpdump³ª ´Ù¸¥ ÆÐŶ ½ºÇª³Ê ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡¼
¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù.
<tag/mtu N/
ÀÌ µð¹ÙÀ̽ºÀÇ MTU¸¦ ¼ÂÆÃÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇØÁØ´Ù.
<tag/netmask addr/
ÀÌ µð¹ÙÀ̽º°¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ©ÀÇ netmask¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÏ°Ô ÇØÁØ´Ù.
<tag/ irq addr/
ÀÌ ÆÄ¶ó¸ÞÅʹ ƯÁ¤ ŸÀÔÀÇ Çϵå¿þ¾î¿¡¼¸¸ µ¿ÀÛÇϳª, ÀÌ µð¹ÙÀ̽ºÀÇ ÇÏ
µå¿þ¾î IRQ¸¦ ¼ÂÆÃÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇØÁØ´Ù.
<tag/-broadcast addr/
ÀÌ ÆÄ¶ó¸ÞÅÍ´Â ºê·Îµåij½ºÆ® ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ ÇâÇÑ µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥ÀÇ ¼ö¿ëÀ» °¡´É
ÇÏ°Ô ¼¼ÆÃÇϰųª, ȤÀº ÀÌ µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥ÀÇ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù.
<tag/-pointopoint addr/
ÀÌ ÆÄ¶ó¸ÞÅÍ´Â slip, pppµîÀÇ point to point ¸µÅ©ÀÇ ¹Ý´ë³¡¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¸Ó
½ÅÀÇ ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ ¼³Á¤Çϵµ·Ï ÇØÁØ´Ù.
<tag/ hw <type> <addr>/
ÀÌ ÆÄ¶ó¸ÞÅÍ´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µð¹ÙÀ̽ºÀÇ Æ¯Á¤ ŸÀÔÀÇ Çϵå¿þ¾î ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦
¼³Á¤Çϵµ·Ï ÇØÁØ´Ù. ÀÌ´õ³Ý¿¡´Â ±×´ÙÁö À¯¿ëÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸³ª AX.25¿Í °°Àº
´Ù¸¥ ŸÀÔÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡¼´Â À¯¿ëÇÏ´Ù.
<tag/ifconfig/
¸í·ÉÀº ¾î´À ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¿¡¼³ª »ç¿ëÇÒ¼ö ÀÖÀ»°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
pppd, dip °°Àº À¯Àú ÇÁ·Î±×·¥µéÀº ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µð¹ÙÀ̽º¸¦ ¸¸µé¶§ ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ¼³Á¤
ÇϹǷΠ¼öµ¿ÀÇ ifconfig ¸í·É»ç¿ëÀº ÇÊ¿äÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù.
</descrip>
</p>
<sect1> ³×ÀÓ ÇØ¼®±â(Name Resolver)ÀÇ ¼³Á¤.
<p>
'Name Resolver'´Â Ç¥ÁØ ¸®´ª½º ¶óÀ̺귯¸®ÀÇ ÀϺÎÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀÇ °¡Àå Å« ±â´ÉÀº
'ftp.funet.fi' °°ÀÌ Àΰ£¿¡°Ô Ä£¼÷ÇÑ È£½ºÆ®³×ÀÓÀ» 128.214.248.6 ó·³ ¸Ó½Å¿¡
°Ô Ä£¼÷ÇÑ IP ¾îµå·¹½º·Î º¯È¯ÇÏ´Â ¼ºñ½º¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
</p>
<sect2> À̸§¿¡´Â ¹«¾ùÀÌ ÀÖ³ª?
<p>
¿©·¯ºÐÀº ÀÎÅÍ³Ý È£½ºÆ® ³×ÀÓÀÇ ¸ð½À¿¡´Â Àͼ÷Çϳª, ±×°ÍÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô ±¸¼ºµÇ´ÂÁö
´Â ÀÌÇØÇÏÁö ¸øÇÒÁöµµ ¸ð¸¥´Ù. ÀÎÅÍ³Ý µµ¸ÞÀÎ ³×ÀÓÀº º»ÁúÀûÀ¸·Î °èÃþ±¸Á¶¸¦,
´Ù½Ã ¸»Çؼ Æ®¸® ±¸Á¶¸¦ °®´Â´Ù. 'domain'À̶ó°í Çϴ°ÍÀº °¡Á·ÀÇ ¶Ç´Â ±×·ìÀÇ
À̸§ÀÌ´Ù. 'domain'Àº 'subdomain'À¸·Î ³ª´µ¾î Áú¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. 'toplevel' µµ¸ÞÀÎÀº
¼ºêµµ¸ÞÀÎÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. Top Level DomainÀº RFC920¿¡ ¸í½ÃµÇ¾î
ÀÖ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½Àº °¡Àå ÈçÇÑ ¸î°¡Áö TOP LEVEL µµ¸ÞÀÎÀÇ ¿¹ÀÌ´Ù.
<descrip>
<tag/ COM/
Commercial Organisations(»ó¾÷±â°ü)
<tag/ EDU/
Educational Organisations(±³À°±â°ü)
<tag/GOV/
Government Organisations(Á¤ºÎ±â°ü)
<tag/MIL/
Millitary Organisations(±º»ç±â°ü)
<tag/ORG/
Other organisations(´Ù¸¥±â°ü)
<tag/Country Designator/
these are two letters codes that represent a particular country.
</descrip>
(ƯÁ¤ ±¹°¡¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»±â À§ÇÑ µÎ±ÛÀÚ ÄÚµå. ¿¹: ´ëÇѹα¹ -> kr)
°¢°¢ÀÇ top level µµ¸ÞÀÎÀÎ ¼ºêµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±¹°¡ÀÇ À̸§¿¡ ±â¹ÝÇÑ
top level µµ¸ÞÀÎÀº com, edu, gov, mil, org µµ¸ÞÀο¡ ±â¹ÝÇÑ ¼ºêµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ¸·Î
»ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ¿¹·Î½á, ¿À½ºÆ®·¹Àϸ®¾ÆÀÇ »ó¾÷±â°ü ¶Ç´Â Á¤ºÎ±â°üÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»±â À§ÇØ
¼´Â com.au, gov.au µîÀ¸·Î ³¡³½´Ù. '.us'¶ó´Â ±¹°¡Äڵ带 °¡Áö°í ÀÖÀ½¿¡µµ ºÒ
±¸Çϰí, ±¹°¡ ±â¹ÝÀÇ top level µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» °®Áö ¾Ê´Â ±â°üµéÀº ¿ª»çÀûÀÎ ÀÌÀ¯·Î
¹Ì±¹³»ÀÇ ±â°üÀº ³ªÅ¸³»±â À§ÇØ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
´ÙÀ½ ·¹º§ÀÇ ºÐÇÒÀº ±â°üÀÇ À̸§À» ³ªÅ¸³»±â À§Çؼ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. Á»´õ ±íÀº ¼ºê
µµ¸ÞÀÎÀº º»ÁúÀûÀ¸·Î ¸Å¿ì ´Ù¾çÇѵ¥, ´ÙÀ½ ·¹º§ÀÇ ¼ºê µµ¸ÞÀÎÀº Á¾Á¾ ±â°üÀÇ
ºÎ¹®º° ±¸Á¶¿¡ ±Ù°ÅÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª À̰ÍÀº ±â°üÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© °ü¸®ÀÚ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ
ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀ¸·Î ÀǹÌÀÖ°Ô °í·ÁµÈ ±âÁØ¿¡ ±â¹ÝÀ» µÎ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
³×ÀÓÀÇ °¡Àå ¿ÞÂÊ ºÎºÐÀº Ç×»ó È£½ºÆ® ¸Ó½Å¿¡ ÇÒ´çµÈ µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ À̸§À̸ç 'È£½ºÆ®
³×ÀÓ'À̶ó ºÒ¸°´Ù. ³×ÀÓ¿¡¼ È£½ºÆ®³×ÀÓÀÇ ¿À¸¥ÂÊ ºÎºÐÀº 'µµ¸ÞÀÎ ³×ÀÓ'À̶ó ºÒ
¸®¸ç À̰ÍÀÇ Ç®³×ÀÓÀº 'Fully Qualified Domain Name'ÀÌ´Ù.
³» À̸ÞÀÏ È£½ºÆ®¸¦ ÇÑ ¿¹·Î µé¸é, 'Fully Qualified Domain Name'Àº 'perf.no.
itg.telstra.com.au'ÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº È£½ºÆ®³×ÀÓÀÌ 'perf' µµ¸ÞÀγ×ÀÓÀÌ 'no.itg.t
elstra.com.au'ÀÓÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. µµ¸ÞÀÎ ³×ÀÓÀº ³ªÀÇ ±¹°¡ Australia¿¡ ±Ù°ÅÇÑ to
p level µµ¸ÞÀο¡ ±â¹ÝÀ» µÎ¸ç ³» À̸ÞÀÏ ¾îµå·¹½º´Â »ó¾÷±â°ü¿¡ ¼ÓÇϹǷΠ´ÙÀ½
·¹º§ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ¸·Î '.com'À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ȸ»çÀÇ À̸§Àº 'Telstra'ÀÌ¸ç ³»ºÎÀÇ
ÀÛ¸í±¸Á¶´Â Á¶Á÷±¸Á¶¿¡ ±â¹ÝÀ» µÎ´Âµ¥, ÀÌ °æ¿ì ³» ¸Ó½ÅÀº Infomartion Technol
ogy GroupÀÇ Network Operation ºÎ¼¿¡ ¼ÓÇÑ´Ù.
</p>
<sect2> ¿©·¯ºÐ¿¡°Ô ÇÊ¿äÇÒ Á¤º¸.
<p>
ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ È£½ºÆ®°¡ ¾î´À µµ¸ÞÀο¡ ¼ÓÇÏ°Ô µÇ´ÂÁö¸¦ ¾Ë¾Æ¾ß ÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ´Ù. Name
resolver ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î´Â 'Domain Name Server'·ÎÀÇ ¿äóÀ» ¸¸µé¾î ³¿À¸·Î½á ÀÌ
³×ÀÓ ¹ø¿ª ¼ºñ½º¸¦ Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ·ÎÄà ³×ÀÓ¼¹öÀÇ
IP ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ ¾Ë¾Æ¾ß ÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ´Ù.
¼öÁ¤ÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ´Â ÆÄÀÏÀÌ 3°³ Àִµ¥, À̰ÍÀ» Â÷·Ê·Î ´Ù·ç¾î ³ª°¡°Ú´Ù.
</p>
<sect2> /etc/resolv.conf
<p>
/etc/resolv.conf´Â ³×ÀÓ ÇØ¼® Äڵ带 À§ÇÑ ¸ÞÀÎ ¼³Á¤ ÆÄÀÏÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀÇ Æ÷¸ËÀº
¸Å¿ì °£´ÜÇÏ´Ù. ÇϳªÀÇ ¶óÀο¡ ÇϳªÀÇ Å°¿öµå¸¦ °®´Â ÅØ½ºÆ® ÆÄÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ÀüÇüÀû
À¸·Î »ç¿ëµÇ´Â Ű¿öµå´Â 3°³°¡ Àִµ¥ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
<descrip>
<tag/domain/
ÀÌ Å°¿öµå´Â ·ÎÄà µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» ¸í½ÃÇÑ´Ù.
<tag/search/
ÀÌ Å°¿öµå´Â È£½ºÆ®³×ÀÓÀ» ã±âÀ§ÇØ ¼±ÅÃÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Â µµ¸ÞÀγ×ÀÓÀÇ ¸®½ºÆ®
¸¦ ¸í½ÃÇÑ´Ù.
<tag/nameserver/
ÀÌ Å°¿öµå´Â ¸¹ÀÌ ¾²ÀÏÅÙµ¥, ³×ÀÓ ÇØ¼®À» ÇÒ¶§ ÁúÀǸ¦ ÇÒ µµ¸ÞÀÎ ³×ÀÓ
¼¹öÀÇ IP ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ ¸í½ÃÇϱâ À§ÇØ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
</descrip>
/etc/resolv.conf ÀÇ ¿¹´Â ´ÙÀ½ ó·³ º¸ÀδÙ.
<verb>
domain maths.wu.edu.au
search maths.wu.edu.au wu.edu.au
nameserver 192.168.10.1
nameserver 192.168.12.1
</verb>
ÀÌ ¿¹´Â ºÐ·ùµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ³×ÀÓ(µµ¸ÞÀγ×ÀÓÀ» ¾²Áö ¾ÊÀº È£½ºÆ®³×ÀÓ)¿¡ µ¡ºÙÀÏ µð
ÆúÆ® µµ¸ÞÀγ×ÀÓÀÌ maths.wu.edu.auÀÓÀ» ¸í½ÃÇϰí, ±× È£½ºÆ®°¡ ÀÌ µµ¸ÞÀο¡¼
¹ß°ßµÇÁö ¾ÊÀ»°æ¿ì wu.edu.au µµ¸ÞÀο¡¼ Á÷Á¢ ã¾Æº¼°ÍÀ» ¸í½ÃÇÑ´Ù. µÎ°³ÀÇ ³×
ÀÓ¼¹ö ¿£Æ®¸®µµ Á¦°øµÇ´Âµ¥, ÀÌµé °¢°¢Àº ³×ÀÓÀ» ÇØ¼®ÇÒ¶§ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
</p>
<sect2>/etc/host.conf<p>
/etc/host.conf ÆÄÀÏÀº name resolver ÄÚµåÀÇ ÇൿÀ» ÅëÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ¾ÆÀÌÅÛÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇÏ
´Â ÆÄÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀÇ Æ÷¸ËÀº 'resolv+' ¸Ç ÆäÀÌÁö¿¡ ÀÚ¼¼È÷ ±â¼úµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
°ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç ȯ°æ¿¡¼ ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¿¹´Â Àß µ¿ÀÛÇÒ°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
<verb>
order hosts,bind
multi on
</verb>
ÀÌ ¼³Á¤Àº ³×ÀÓ ÇØ¼®±â¿¡°Ô, ³×ÀÓ¼¹ö¿¡ ÁúÀÇÇϱâ Àü¿¡ /etc/hosts¸¦ üũÇÒ °Í
°ú /etc/hosts ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â ù¹øÂ° ¾îµå·¹½º »Ó¸¸¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¸ðµç À¯È¿ ¾îµå
·¹½º¸¦ ¸®ÅÏÇÒ°ÍÀ» ¸»ÇØÁØ´Ù.
</p>
<sect2>/etc/hosts
<p>
/etc/hosts ÆÄÀÏÀº ·ÎÄà ȣ½ºÆ®ÀÇ ³×ÀÓ°ú IP ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ Áý¾î³Ö´Â °÷ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ
ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ È£½ºÆ®¸¦ Àû¾î³ÖÀ¸¸é IP ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ ¾ò±â À§ÇØ µµ¸ÞÀÎ ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö¿¡ ÁúÀÇ
ÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ¾ø´Ù. ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀ» À¯ÁöÇϴµ¥ ºÒÆíÇÑ Á¡Àº È£½ºÆ®ÀÇ IP ¾îµå·¹½º°¡ ¹Ù
²ð¶§ ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ®¸¦ ÇØ¾ßÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. Àß °ü¸®µÇ´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼
º¸À̴ ȣ½ºÆ®³×ÀÓÀº ·çÇÁ¹é ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¿Í ·ÎÄà ȣ½ºÆ®ÀÇ ³×ÀÓÀ» À§ÇÑ ¿£Æ®¸®
»ÓÀÌ´Ù.
<verb>
# /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost loopback
192.168.0.1 this.host.name
</verb>
ù¹øÂ° ¿£Æ®¸®¿¡¼ º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â ¹Ù¿Í°°ÀÌ ÇÑ ¶óÀο¡ ÇѰ³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ È£½ºÆ® ³×ÀÓÀ» ¸í
½ÃÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. À§ÀÇ Ã¹¹øÂ° ¿£Æ®¸®´Â ·çÇÁ¹é ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ç¥ÁØ ¿£Æ®¸®
ÀÌ´Ù.
</p>
<sect1> ·çÇÁ¹é ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽ºÀÇ ¼³Á¤.
<p>
'loopback' ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º´Â Àڽſ¡°Ô Á¢¼ÓÇÒ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇØÁִ Ưº°ÇÑ ÇüÅÂÀÇ ÀÎÅÍ
ÆäÀ̽ºÀÌ´Ù. À̸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ½ÍÀº ÀÌÀ¯´Â ¸Å¿ì ´Ù¾çÇѵ¥, ³×Æ®¿öÅ©ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¿ë
ÀÚ¸¦ ¹æÇØÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î¸¦ Å×½ºÆ®ÇÏ°í ½ÍÀ» ¶§ µî..ÀÌ ÁÁÀº ¿¹
°¡ µÈ´Ù. ¾à¼Ó¿¡ ÀÇÇØ IP ¾îµå·¹½º '127.0.0.1'Àº ·çÇÁ¹éÀ» À§ÇØ ¸í½ÃÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÒ
´çµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ¾î¶² ¸Ó½ÅÀ» ¿î¿µÇÏ´õ¶óµµ, 127.0.0.1ÀÇ ÅÚ³Ý Ä¿³Ø¼ÇÀ»
¿¸é ·ÎÄà ȣ½ºÆ®¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
·çÇÁ¹é ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ ¼³Á¤Çϴ°ÍÀº °£´ÜÇϸç, ´ÙÀ½Àº ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ÇØÁÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
<verb>
# ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1
# route add -host 127.0.0.1 lo
</verb>
´ÙÀ½ ºÎºÐ¿¡¼ ¿ì¸®´Â route ¸í·É¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÀÚ¼¼È÷ ´Ù·ê°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
</p>
<sect1> ¶ó¿ìÆÃ.<p>
¶ó¿ìÆÃÀº °Å´ëÇÑ ÅäÇÈÀÌ´Ù. À̰Ϳ¡ °üÇØ¼´Â ¾öû³ ¾çÀÇ ÅØ½ºÆ®¸¦ ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â °Í
ÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ »ç¶÷Àº ¶ó¿ìÆÃ¿¡ °üÇØ °£´ÜÇÑ ¿ä±¸¸¸À» ÇÒ°ÍÀ̳ª, ¸î¸î
»ç¶÷Àº ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê´Ù. ³ª´Â ¶ó¿ìÆÃÀÇ ±âÃÊÀûÀÎ ±âº»»çÇ׸¸À» ´Ù·ê°ÍÀÌ´Ù. Á»´õ
¼¼ºÎÀûÀÎ Á¤º¸¿¡ °ü½ÉÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù¸é ÀÌ ¹®¼ÀÇ ½ÃÀۺκп¡ ÀÖ´Â ·¹ÆÛ·±½º¸¦ Âü°íÇÏ
±â ¹Ù¶õ´Ù.
Á¤ÀÇ¿Í ÇÔ²² ½ÃÀÛÇÏÀÚ. IP ¶ó¿ìÆÃÀ̶õ ´ëü ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡? ¿©±â ³»°¡ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â Á¤ÀÇ
Áß Çϳª°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
IP ¶ó¿ìÆÃÀ̶õ È£½ºÆ®°¡ ¹ÞÀº ¸ÖƼÇà ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÇÁ·Î
¼¼½ºÀÌ´Ù.
¿¹¸¦ µé¾î ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â°Ô ÁÁ°Ú´Ù. ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ ¿ÀÇǽº ¶ó¿ìÅ͸¦ »ó»óÇØº¸¶ó. ±×°ÍÀº
¾Æ¸¶ ÀÎÅͳݿ¡ ¿¬°áµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ppp ¸µÅ©, ¿öÅ©½ºÅ×À̼ǿ¡ °ø±ÞÇÏ´Â ¸î°³ÀÇ ÀÌ´õ
³Ý ¼¼±×¸ÕÆ® ´Ù¸¥ ¿ÀÇǽº·ÎÀÇ ppp ¸µÅ©µîÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖÀ»°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¾î´À ³×Æ®¿öÅ©
Ä¿³Ø¼ÇÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¶ó¿ìÅͰ¡ µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥À» ¹ÞÀ»¶§, ¶ó¿ìÆÃÀ̶õ ´ÙÀ½¿¡ µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥
À» ¾î´À Æ÷Æ®·Î º¸³¾°ÍÀΰ¡¸¦ °áÁ¤Áþ´Â ¸ÞÄ¿´ÏÁòÀÌ´Ù. °£´ÜÇÑ È£½ºÆ®¿¡¼µµ ¶ó
¿ìÆÃÀº ÇÊ¿äÇÏ¸ç ¸ðµç ÀÎÅÍ³Ý È£½ºÆ®´Â µÎ°³ÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µð¹ÙÀ̽º¸¦ °®´Âµ¥ ÇÏ
³ª´Â À§¿¡¼ ¾ð±ÞÇÑ ·çÇÁ¹é ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽ºÀÌ¸ç ´Ù¸¥ Çϳª´Â ÀÌ´õ³Ý ȤÀº PPP, SLIP
µîÀÇ ³ª¸ÓÁö ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡ À̾߱⸦ ÇϱâÀ§ÇØ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â µð¹ÙÀ̽ºÀÌ´Ù.
OK, ±×·¯¸é ¶ó¿ìÆÃÀ̶õ ¾î¶»°Ô µ¿ÀÛÇÏ´Â °ÍÀΰ¡? °¢ È£½ºÆ®´Â ¶ó¿ìÆÃ Å×À̺íÀÌ
¶ó ºÒ¸®´Â ¶ó¿ìÆÃ ·êÀÇ Æ¯º°ÇÑ ¸®½ºÆ®¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ Å×À̺íÀº ÃÖ¼Ò 3°³ÀÇ
Çʵ带 °¡Áö´Â ÇàÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇϴµ¥, ù° Çʵå´Â ¸ñÀûÁö ¾îµå·¹½º, µÎ¹øÂ° Çʵå´Â
µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥ÀÌ ¶ó¿ìÆÃµÉ ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽ºÀÇ À̸§À», ¼¼¹øÂ°´Â ¿É¼ÇÀ¸·Î ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¸¦ Åë
ÇØ ´ÙÀ½ ½ºÅÜÀ¸·Î µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥À» ¿î¹ÝÇÒ ´Ù¸¥ ¸Ó½ÅÀÇ ¾îµå·¹¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ´Ù
À½ ¸í·ÉÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¸®´ª½ºÀÇ ¶ó¿ìÆÃ Å×À̺íÀ» »ìÆìº¼¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
<verb>
# cat /porc/net/route
</verb>
¶ó¿ìÆÃ ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º´Â ¸Å¿ì °£´ÜÇÏ´Ù: µé¾î¿À´Â µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥Àº ¹Þ°í, ¸ñÀûÁö ¾îµå·¹
½º¸¦ Á¶»çÇÏ¿© Å×À̺í»óÀÇ °¢ ¿£Æ®¸®¿Í ºñ±³ÇÑ´Ù. ÇØ´ç ¾îµå·¹½º¿Í °¡Àå Àß ºÎ
ÇÕÇÏ´Â ¿£Æ®¸®¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÏ°í ¸í½ÃµÈ ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º·Î µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥À» Æ÷¿öµùÇÑ´Ù. °ÔÀÌ
Æ®¿ö¿¡ Çʵ尡 ä¿öÁ® ÀÖ´Ù¸é µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥Àº ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ °æÀ¯ÇØ ±× È£½ºÆ®·Î
Æ÷¿öµùµÇ¸ç, ±×·¸Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º°¡ Áö¿øÇÏ´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í °¡Á¤ÇÑ
´Ù.
¶ó¿ìÆÃ Å×À̺íÀ» Á¶ÀÛÇϱâ À§Çؼ´Â Ưº°ÇÑ ¸í·ÉÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ¸í·ÉÀº Ä¿¸Çµå
¶óÀÎ º¯¼ö¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æ¼ Ä¿³ÎÀÌ Å×ÀÌºí³»ÀÇ ¿£Æ®¸®¸¦ Ãß°¡, »èÁ¦, ¼öÁ¤Çϵµ·Ï ¿äû
ÇÏ´Â Ä¿³Î ½Ã½ºÅÛ ÄÝ·Î º¯È¯ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ¸í·ÉÀº 'route'¶ó ºÒ¸°´Ù.
°£´ÜÇÑ ¿¹°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ÀÌ´õ³Ý ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢Çغ¸ÀÚ. ±×
°ÍÀÌ 192.168.1.0ÀÇ ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ °¡Áø class-CÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¶ó°í µé¾ú´Ù. ¶Ç ÀÚ½Å
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# ifconfig eht0 192.168.1.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
</verb>
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<verb>
# route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0
</verb>
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# route add default gw 192.168.1.1 eth0
</verb>
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# ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
# route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0
# route add default gw 192.168.1.1 eth0
</verb>
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<verb>
# route add 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0
# route add 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eht1
# route add 192.168.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth2
# route add default ppp0
</verb>
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´ç¿¬È÷ À̰ÍÀº ´À¸®°í, ²Ã»ç³³°í, ºñ½Ç¿ëÀûÀ̰í, ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ³×Æ®
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test Path First Protocol)ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. RIP´Â Áß°£ Á¤µµ »çÀÌÁî ´ÜüÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©
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'gated'-RIP,OSPF µîÀÌ´Ù. 'routed' ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº º¸Åë ¹èÆ÷º»°ú ÇÔ²² Àç°øµÇ¸ç,
À§¿¡¼ ¾ð±ÞÇÑ 'NetKit' ÆÐŰÁö¿¡µµ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ´Ù.
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<verb>
192.168.1.0 / 192.168.2.0 /
255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0
- -
| |
| /-----\ /-----\ |
| | |ppp0 // ppp0| | |
eth0 |---| A |------//---------| B |---| eth0
| | | // | | |
| \-----/ \-----/ |
| \ ppp1 ppp1 / |
- \ / -
\ /
\ /
\ /
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\ /
\ /
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ppp0\ /ppp1
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192.168.3.0 /
255.255.255.0
</verb>
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<verb>
# route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0
# route add -net 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 ppp0
# route add -net 192.168.3.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 ppp1
</verb>
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<verb>
# route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0
# /usr/sbin/routed
</verb>
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<sect2>/etc/services
<p>
/etc/services ÆÄÀÏÀº Àΰ£¿¡°Ô Ä£¼÷ÇÑ ¼ºñ½º ³×ÀÓ°ú ±â°è¿¡ Ä£¼÷ÇÑ Æ÷Æ®³Ñ¹ö
¿Í °ü°èÀÖ´Â °£´ÜÇÑ µ¥ÀÌÅͺ£À̽º ÆÄÀÏÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀÇ Æ÷¸ËÀº ¸Å¿ì °£´ÜÇÏ´Ù. ÀÌ
°ÍÀº °¢ ¶óÀÎÀÌ µ¥ÀÌÅͺ£À̽ºÀÇ ¿£Æ®¸®¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ÅØ½ºÆ® ÆÄÀÏÀÌ´Ù. °¢°¢ÀÇ ¿£
Æ®¸®´Â ¸î°³ÀÇ °ø¹é ½ºÆäÀ̽º(tab ¶Ç´Â space)·Î ³ª´µ´Â ¼¼°³ÀÇ Çʵå·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ
¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ Çʵå´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°´Ù.
<verb>
name port/protocol aliases #comment
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag/name/
±â¼úµÇ´Â ¼ºñ½º¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â °£´ÜÇÑ ´Ü¾îÀÌ´Ù.
<tag>port/protocol</tag>
ÀÌ Çʵå´Â µÎ°³ÀÇ ÇÏÀ§ Çʵå·Î ³ª´¶´Ù.
<tag/port/
ÁöÁ¤µÈ ¼ºñ½º°¡ °¡´ÉÇÑ Æ÷Æ®³Ñ¹ö¸¦ ¸í½ÃÇÏ´Â ¼ýÀÚÀÌ´Ù. °øÅëÀ¸·Î
»ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¼ºñ½º¿¡´Â ÇÒ´çµÈ ¼ºñ½º ³Ñ¹ö°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. À̵éÀº RFC-1340
¿¡ ³ª¿ÍÀÖ´Ù.
<tag/ protocol/
ÀÌ ¼ºêÇʵå´Â tcp³ª udp·Î ¼¼ÆÃµÈ´Ù.
18/tcp ¿Í 18/udp ¶ó´Â ¿£Æ®¸®´Â ¼·Î ´Ù¸¥°ÍÀÓÀ» ±¸ºÐÇϸç, ¿Ö °°Àº ¼
ºñ½º°¡ µÎ°÷¿¡ ¸ðµÎ Á¸ÀçÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´ÂÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±â¼úÀûÀÎ ÀÌÀ¯°¡ ¾øÀ½À» ¾Ë
¾ÆµÎ´Â°ÍÀÌ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù. º¸Åë ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ »ý°¢ÀÌ ³Î¸® ÆÛÁ®ÀÖ°í, ƯÁ¤ ¼ºñ
½º°¡ tcp, udp ·Î ¸ðµÎ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù¸é ±×Àú µÑ ¸ðµÎ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿£Æ®¸®¸¦ º¼¼ö
ÀÖÀ» »ÓÀÌ´Ù.
<tag/aliases/
ÀÌ ¼ºñ½º ¿£Æ®¸®¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»±â À§ÇØ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ´Ù¸¥ À̸§
</descrip>
'#' µÚ¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ÅØ½ºÆ®´Â ¹«½ÃµÇ¸ç ÁÖ¼®À¸·Î °£ÁֵȴÙ.
</p>
<sect3> /etc/services ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ¿¹Á¦.
<p>
¿äÁòÀÇ ¸®´ª½º ¹èÆ÷º»Àº ÈǸ¢ÇÑ /etc/services ÆÄÀÏÀ» Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù. ¿ÀÁ÷ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷
»õ·Î¿î ¸Ó½ÅÀ» ¸¸µé¾î¾ß ÇÒ¶§, µ¥ºñ¾È ¹èÆ÷º»¿¡¼ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â /etc/services ÆÄÀÏ
ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
<verb>
# /etc/services:
# $Id: LinuxdocSgml_2fNET_2d3_2dHOWTO,v 1.1 2003/08/10 02:52:29 kss Exp kss $
#
# Network services, Internet style
#
# Note that it is presently the policy of IANA to assign a single well-kn
own
# port number for both TCP and UDP; hence, most entries here have two ent
ries
# even if the protocol doesn't support UDP operations.
# Updated from RFC 1340, ``Assigned Numbers'' (July 1992). Not all ports
# are included, only the more common ones.
tcpmux 1/tcp # TCP port service multip
lexer
echo 7/tcp
echo 7/udp
discard 9/tcp sink null
discard 9/udp sink null
systat 11/tcp users
daytime 13/tcp
daytime 13/udp
netstat 15/tcp
qotd 17/tcp quote
msp 18/tcp # message send protocol
msp 18/udp # message send protocol
chargen 19/tcp ttytst source
chargen 19/udp ttytst source
ftp-data 20/tcp
ftp 21/tcp
ssh 22/tcp # SSH Remote Login Protoc
ol
ssh 22/udp # SSH Remote Login Protoc
ol
telnet 23/tcp
# 24 - private
smtp 25/tcp mail
# 26 - unassigned
time 37/tcp timserver
time 37/udp timserver
rlp 39/udp resource # resource location
nameserver 42/tcp name # IEN 116
whois 43/tcp nicname
re-mail-ck 50/tcp # Remote Mail Checking Pr
otocol
re-mail-ck 50/udp # Remote Mail Checking Pr
otocol
domain 53/tcp nameserver # name-domain server
domain 53/udp nameserver
mtp 57/tcp # deprecated
bootps 67/tcp # BOOTP server
bootps 67/udp
bootpc 68/tcp # BOOTP client
bootpc 68/udp
tftp 69/udp
gopher 70/tcp # Internet Gopher
gopher 70/udp
rje 77/tcp netrjs
finger 79/tcp
www 80/tcp http # WorldWideWeb HTTP
www 80/udp # HyperText Transfer Prot
ocol
link 87/tcp ttylink
kerberos 88/tcp kerberos5 krb5 # Kerberos v5
kerberos 88/udp kerberos5 krb5 # Kerberos v5
supdup 95/tcp
# 100 - reserved
hostnames 101/tcp hostname # usually from sri-nic
iso-tsap 102/tcp tsap # part of ISODE.
csnet-ns 105/tcp cso-ns # also used by CSO name s
erver
csnet-ns 105/udp cso-ns
rtelnet 107/tcp # Remote Telnet
rtelnet 107/udp
pop-2 109/tcp postoffice # POP version 2
pop-2 109/udp
pop-3 110/tcp # POP version 3
pop-3 110/udp
sunrpc 111/tcp portmapper # RPC 4.0 portmapper TCP
sunrpc 111/udp portmapper # RPC 4.0 portmapper UDP
auth 113/tcp authentication tap ident
sftp 115/tcp
uucp-path 117/tcp
nntp 119/tcp readnews untp # USENET News Transfer Pr
otocol
ntp 123/tcp
ntp 123/udp # Network Time Protocol
netbios-ns 137/tcp # NETBIOS Name Service
netbios-ns 137/udp
netbios-dgm 138/tcp # NETBIOS Datagram Servic
e
netbios-dgm 138/udp
netbios-ssn 139/tcp # NETBIOS session service
netbios-ssn 139/udp
imap2 143/tcp # Interim Mail Access Pro
to v2
imap2 143/udp
snmp 161/udp # Simple Net Mgmt Proto
snmp-trap 162/udp snmptrap # Traps for SNMP
cmip-man 163/tcp # ISO mgmt over IP (CMOT)
cmip-man 163/udp
cmip-agent 164/tcp
cmip-agent 164/udp
xdmcp 177/tcp # X Display Mgr. Control
Proto
xdmcp 177/udp
nextstep 178/tcp NeXTStep NextStep # NeXTStep window
nextstep 178/udp NeXTStep NextStep # server
bgp 179/tcp # Border Gateway Proto.
bgp 179/udp
prospero 191/tcp # Cliff Neuman's Prospero
prospero 191/udp
irc 194/tcp # Internet Relay Chat
irc 194/udp
smux 199/tcp # SNMP Unix Multiplexer
smux 199/udp
at-rtmp 201/tcp # AppleTalk routing
at-rtmp 201/udp
at-nbp 202/tcp # AppleTalk name binding
at-nbp 202/udp
at-echo 204/tcp # AppleTalk echo
at-echo 204/udp
at-zis 206/tcp # AppleTalk zone informat
ion
at-zis 206/udp
z3950 210/tcp wais # NISO Z39.50 database
z3950 210/udp wais
ipx 213/tcp # IPX
ipx 213/udp
imap3 220/tcp # Interactive Mail Access
imap3 220/udp # Protocol v3
ulistserv 372/tcp # UNIX Listserv
ulistserv 372/udp
#
# UNIX specific services
#
exec 512/tcp
biff 512/udp comsat
login 513/tcp
who 513/udp whod
shell 514/tcp cmd # no passwords used
syslog 514/udp
printer 515/tcp spooler # line printer spooler
talk 517/udp
ntalk 518/udp
route 520/udp router routed # RIP
timed 525/udp timeserver
tempo 526/tcp newdate
courier 530/tcp rpc
conference 531/tcp chat
netnews 532/tcp readnews
netwall 533/udp # -for emergency broadcas
ts
uucp 540/tcp uucpd # uucp daemon
remotefs 556/tcp rfs_server rfs # Brunhoff remote filesys
tem
klogin 543/tcp # Kerberized `rlogin' (v
5)
kshell 544/tcp krcmd # Kerberized `rsh' (v5)
kerberos-adm 749/tcp # Kerberos `kadmin' (v5)
#
webster 765/tcp # Network dictionary
webster 765/udp
#
# From ``Assigned Numbers'':
#
#> The Registered Ports are not controlled by the IANA and on most system
s
#> can be used by ordinary user processes or programs executed by ordinar
y
#> users.
#
#> Ports are used in the TCP [45,106] to name the ends of logical
#> connections which carry long term conversations. For the purpose of
#> providing services to unknown callers, a service contact port is
#> defined. This list specifies the port used by the server process as i
ts
#> contact port. While the IANA can not control uses of these ports it
#> does register or list uses of these ports as a convienence to the
#> community.
#
ingreslock 1524/tcp
ingreslock 1524/udp
prospero-np 1525/tcp # Prospero non-privileged
prospero-np 1525/udp
rfe 5002/tcp # Radio Free Ethernet
rfe 5002/udp # Actually uses UDP only
bbs 7000/tcp # BBS service
#
#
# Kerberos (Project Athena/MIT) services
# Note that these are for Kerberos v4, and are unofficial. Sites running
# v4 should uncomment these and comment out the v5 entries above.
#
kerberos4 750/udp kdc # Kerberos (server) udp
kerberos4 750/tcp kdc # Kerberos (server) tcp
kerberos_master 751/udp # Kerberos authentication
kerberos_master 751/tcp # Kerberos authentication
passwd_server 752/udp # Kerberos passwd server
krb_prop 754/tcp # Kerberos slave propagation
krbupdate 760/tcp kreg # Kerberos registration
kpasswd 761/tcp kpwd # Kerberos "passwd"
kpop 1109/tcp # Pop with Kerberos
knetd 2053/tcp # Kerberos de-multiplexor
zephyr-srv 2102/udp # Zephyr server
zephyr-clt 2103/udp # Zephyr serv-hm connection
zephyr-hm 2104/udp # Zephyr hostmanager
eklogin 2105/tcp # Kerberos encrypted rlogin
#
# Unofficial but necessary (for NetBSD) services
#
supfilesrv 871/tcp # SUP server
supfiledbg 1127/tcp # SUP debugging
#
# Datagram Delivery Protocol services
#
rtmp 1/ddp # Routing Table Maintenance Proto
col
nbp 2/ddp # Name Binding Protocol
echo 4/ddp # AppleTalk Echo Protocol
zip 6/ddp # Zone Information Protocol
#
# Debian GNU/Linux services
rmtcfg 1236/tcp # Gracilis Packeten remote config
server
xtel 1313/tcp # french minitel
cfinger 2003/tcp # GNU Finger
postgres 4321/tcp # POSTGRES
mandelspawn 9359/udp mandelbrot # network mandelbrot
# Local services
</verb>
</p>
<sect2> /etc/inetd.conf
<p>
/etc/inetd.conf ÆÄÀÏÀº inetd ¼¹öÀÇ ¼³Á¤À» À§ÇÑ ÆÄÀÏÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀÇ ±â´ÉÀº Ư
Á¤ ¼ºñ½º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¢¼Ó¿äûÀÌ µé¾î¿ÔÀ»¶§ ¹«¾ùÀ» ÇØ¾ßÇÏ´ÂÁö¸¦ inetd¿¡°Ô ¾Ë·Á
ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀ̱⸦ ¿øÇÏ´Â °¢ ¼ºñ½º¿¡ ´ëÇØ inetd¿¡°Ô ¾î¶² ¼¹öµ¥¸ó
Àº ¾î¶»°Ô ½ÇÇàÇÒ°Í ÀÎÁö¸¦ ¾Ë·ÁÁÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
À̰ÍÀÇ Æ÷¸ËÀº ¸Å¿ì °£´ÜÇÏ´Ù. °¢ ¶óÀÎÀÌ Á¦°øÇϰíÇ ¼ºñ½º¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»ÁÖ´Â ÅØ½º
Æ® ÆÄÀÏÀÌ´Ù. '#' µÚÀÇ ÅØ½ºÆ®´Â ¹«½ÃµÇ¸ç ÁÖ¼®À¸·Î °£ÁֵȴÙ. °¢ ¶óÀÎÀº °ø¹é
À¸·Î(tab ¶Ç´Â space)·Î ±¸ºÐµÇ´Â 7°³ÀÇ Çʵ带 °®´Â´Ù. ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ Æ÷¸ËÀº ´ÙÀ½
°ú °°´Ù.
<verb>
service socket_type proto flags user server_path server_args
</verb>
<descrip>
<tag/service/
/etc/services ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼Ã³·³ ¼³Á¤°ú °ü°èµÈ ¼ºñ½ºÀÌ´Ù.
<tag/socket_type/
ÀÌ Çʵå´Â ÇØ´ç ¿£Æ®¸®´Ù °ü°èµÈ´Ù°í °£ÁÖÇÒ ¼ÒÄÏÀÇ Å¸ÀÔÀ» ±â¼úÇÑ´Ù.
°¡´ÉÇÑ °ªÀº stream, dgram, raw, rdw ¶Ç´Â seqpacketÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ÀÚ¿¬
È÷ ¾à°£ ±â¼úÀûÀε¥, ù°°¡´Â ±ÔÄ¢À¸·Î °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç tcp ±â¹ÝÀÇ ¼ºñ½º´Â
streamÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ°í °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç udp ±â¹ÝÀÇ ¼ºñ½º´Â dgramÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
´Ù¸¥ °ªÀ» »ç¿ëÇϴ°ÍÀº ¸Å¿ì Ưº°ÇÑ ÇüÅÂÀÇ ¼¹öÀ϶§ »ÓÀÌ´Ù.
<tag/ proto/
ÀÌ ¿£Æ®¸®¿¡ À¯È¿ÇÏ´Ù°í °£ÁֵǴ ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ. À̰ÍÀº /etc/services ÆÄÀÏ
ÀÇ ÀûÀýÇÑ ¿£Æ®¸®¿Í ¸ÅÄ¡µÇ¾ß Çϸç ÀüÇüÀûÀ¸·Î tcp ¶Ç´Â udp ÁßÀÇ Çϳª
ÀÌ´Ù.Sun RPC(Remote Procedure Call)±â¹ÝÀÇ ¼¹ö´Â rpc/tcp ¶Ç´Â
rpc/udp¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
<tag/ flags/
ÀÌ Çʵ带 À§ÇÑ ¼¼ÆÃ¿¡´Â µÎ°¡Áö °ª¹Û¿¡ ¾ø´Ù. ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ½ÇÇàÇÑµÚ ¼Ò
ÄÏÀ» ³õ¾ÆÁÖ¾î ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ Ä¿³Ø¼Ç ¿äû¿¡ ´ëÇØ »õ·Î¿î°ÍÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇÏ°Ô Çϴ³Ä,
¾Æ´Ï¸é ±â´Ù¸®¸ç ´Ù¸¥ ¼¹ö°¡ ÀÌ¹Ì µ¿ÀÛÇÑ´Ù°í °¡Á¤ÇÏ¿© ´ÙÀ½ ÅͳؼÇÀ»
´Ù·ç°Ô ÇÒ°ÍÀ̳ÄÇÏ´Â µÎ°¡ÁöÀÌ´Ù. ¶Ç À̰ÍÀ» ´Ù·ç´Â °ÍÀº ¾à°£ ¾Ö¸ÅÇÏÁö
¸¸, tcp ¼¹ö´Â ÀÌ ¿£Æ®¸®¸¦ nowaitÀ¸·Î ¼³Á¤Çϰí udp ¼¹ö´Â À̰ÍÀ»
waitÀ¸·Î ¼³Á¤Çϴ°ÍÀÌ Ã¹Â°°¡´Â ·êÀÌ´Ù. À̰Ϳ¡ ¿¹¿Ü°¡ ÀÖÀ½À» ÁÖÀÇÇÏ
°í ±×·¯¹Ç·Î È®½ÇÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»°æ¿ì ¿¹Á¦ °¡À̵带 Âü°íÇ϶ó.
<tag/user/
³×Æ®¿öÅ© µ¥¸óÀÌ ½ÃÀÛÇÒ¶§ /etc/passwdÀÇ ¾î´À °èÁ¤ÀÌ ÀÌ µ¥¸óÀÇ ¼ÒÀ¯ÀÚ
°¡ µÉ°ÍÀΰ¡¸¦ ±â¼úÇØÁØ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº º¸¾È¹®Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇØ º¸¾ÈÀåÄ¡¸¦ ¿øÇÒ¶§
À¯¿ëÇÏ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿£Æ®¸®ÀÇ À¯Àú¸¦ nobody·Î ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼¹öÀÇ º¸¾È
ÀÌ ±úÁ³À»¶§ ÇÇÇØ¸¦ ÃÖ¼ÒÈ ÇÒ¼öÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ Çʵå´Â ÀüÇüÀûÀ¸·Î
root·Î ¼³Á¤µÇ´Âµ¥ ¸¹Àº ¼¹ö°¡ ÀûÀýÈ÷ µ¿ÀÛÇϱâ À§Çؼ rootÀÇ ±ÇÇÑÀ»
¿ä±¸Çϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
<tag/server_path/
ÀÌ ¿£Æ®¸®¿¡ ´ëÇØ ½ÇÇàÇÒ ½ÇÁ¦ ¼¹ö ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ °æ·ÎÀÌ´Ù.
<tag/server_args/
ÀÌ Çʵå´Â ¶óÀÎÀÇ ³ª¸ÓÁö ºÎºÐÀ» ÀÌ·ç¸ç ¼±ÅÃÀûÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ Çʵå´Â ¼¹ö
µ¥¸ó ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ ½ÇÇàµÉ¶§ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡ ³Ñ°ÜÁÖ°í½ÍÀº Ä¿¸Çµå ¶óÀÎ º¯¼ö¸¦
³Ö¾îÁÖ´Â ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù.
</descrip>
</p>
<sect3> /etc/inetd.confÀÇ ¿¹Á¦.
<p>
/etc/services ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ °üÇØ¼ ó·³ ¸ðµç Çö´ëÀÇ ¹èÆ÷º»Àº ÈǸ¢ÇÑ /etc/inetd.co
nf ÆÄÀÏÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¿©±â¿¡ µ¥ºñ¾È ¹èÆ÷º»¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ´Â ¿ÏÀüÇÑ /etc/
inetd.conf ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ¿¹Á¦°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
<verb>
# /etc/inetd.conf: see inetd(8) for further informations.
#
# Internet server configuration database
#
#
# Modified for Debian by Peter Tobias <<url url="mailto:tobias@et-inf.fho-emden.de" name="tobias@et-inf.fho-emden.de">>
#
# <service_name> <sock_type> <proto> <flags> <user> <server_path> <args>
#
# Internal services
#
#echo stream tcp nowait root internal
#echo dgram udp wait root internal
discard stream tcp nowait root internal
discard dgram udp wait root internal
daytime stream tcp nowait root internal
daytime dgram udp wait root internal
#chargen stream tcp nowait root internal
#chargen dgram udp wait root internal
time stream tcp nowait root internal
time dgram udp wait root internal
#
# These are standard services.
#
telnet stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.teln
etd
ftp stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.ftpd
#fsp dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.fspd
#
# Shell, login, exec and talk are BSD protocols.
#
shell stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.rshd
login stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.rlog
ind
#exec stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.rexe
cd
talk dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.talk
d
ntalk dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.ntal
kd
#
# Mail, news and uucp services.
#
smtp stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.smtp
d
#nntp stream tcp nowait news /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.nntp
d
#uucp stream tcp nowait uucp /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/lib/uucp/uuc
ico
#comsat dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.coms
at
#
# Pop et al
#
#pop-2 stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.pop2
d
#pop-3 stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.pop3
d
#
# `cfinger' is for the GNU finger server available for Debian. (NOTE: Th
e
# current implementation of the `finger' daemon allows it to be run as `r
oot'.)
#
#cfinger stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.cfin
gerd
#finger stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.fing
erd
#netstat stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/sbin/tcpd /bin/nets
tat
#systat stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/sbin/tcpd /bin/ps -auwwx
#
# Tftp service is provided primarily for booting. Most sites
# run this only on machines acting as "boot servers."
#
#tftp dgram udp wait nobody /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.tftp
d
#tftp dgram udp wait nobody /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin/in.tftp
d /boot
#bootps dgram udp wait root /usr/sbin/bootpd bootpd -i
-t 120
#
# Kerberos authenticated services (these probably need to be corrected)
#
#klogin stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin
/in.rlogind -k
#eklogin stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin
/in.rlogind -k -x
#kshell stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin
/in.rshd -k
#
# Services run ONLY on the Kerberos server (these probably need to be cor
rected)
#
#krbupdate stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin
/registerd
#kpasswd stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin
/kpasswdd
#
# RPC based services
#
#mountd/1 dgram rpc/udp wait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin
/rpc.mountd
#rstatd/1-3 dgram rpc/udp wait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin
/rpc.rstatd
#rusersd/2-3 dgram rpc/udp wait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin
/rpc.rusersd
#walld/1 dgram rpc/udp wait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/sbin
/rpc.rwalld
#
# End of inetd.conf.
ident stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/sbin/identd i
dentd -i
</verb>
</p>
<sect1>³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡ °ü°èµÈ ´Ù¸¥ ¼³Á¤ ÆÄÀϵé.
<p>
/etc/protocol ÆÄÀÏÀº ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ ³×ÀÓÀ» ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ ¾ÆÀ̵ð·Î ¸ÊÇÎÇØÁÖ´Â µ¥ÀÌÅͺ£
À̽ºÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ÇÁ·Î±×·¡¸Ó°¡ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ³»¿¡¼ ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀ» ³×ÀÓÀ¸·Î ¸í½ÃÇÒ¼ö
ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇØÁÖ¸ç tcpdump °°Àº ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ Ãâ·ÂÀ» ³Ñ¹ö´ë½Å À̸§À¸·Î Çϵµ·Ï ÇØÁØ
´Ù. ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ½ÅÅýº´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
<verb>
protocolname number aliases
</verb>
µ¥ºñ¾È ¹èÆ÷º»°ú ÇÔ²² Á¦°øµÇ´Â /etc/protocols ÆÄÀÏÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
<verb>
# /etc/protocols:
# $Id: LinuxdocSgml_2fNET_2d3_2dHOWTO,v 1.1 2003/08/10 02:52:29 kss Exp kss $
#
# Internet (IP) protocols
#
# from: @(#)protocols 5.1 (Berkeley) 4/17/89
#
# Updated for NetBSD based on RFC 1340, Assigned Numbers (July 1992).
ip 0 IP # internet protocol, pseudo protocol numb
er
icmp 1 ICMP # internet control message protocol
igmp 2 IGMP # Internet Group Management
ggp 3 GGP # gateway-gateway protocol
ipencap 4 IP-ENCAP # IP encapsulated in IP (officially ``IP
'')
st 5 ST # ST datagram mode
tcp 6 TCP # transmission control protocol
egp 8 EGP # exterior gateway protocol
pup 12 PUP # PARC universal packet protocol
udp 17 UDP # user datagram protocol
hmp 20 HMP # host monitoring protocol
xns-idp 22 XNS-IDP # Xerox NS IDP
rdp 27 RDP # "reliable datagram" protocol
iso-tp4 29 ISO-TP4 # ISO Transport Protocol class 4
xtp 36 XTP # Xpress Tranfer Protocol
ddp 37 DDP # Datagram Delivery Protocol
idpr-cmtp 39 IDPR-CMTP # IDPR Control Message Transport
rspf 73 RSPF # Radio Shortest Path First.
vmtp 81 VMTP # Versatile Message Transport
ospf 89 OSPFIGP # Open Shortest Path First IGP
ipip 94 IPIP # Yet Another IP encapsulation
encap 98 ENCAP # Yet Another IP encapsulation
</verb>
</p>
<sect2>/etc/networks
<p>
/etc/networks ÆÄÀÏÀº /etc/hosts ÆÄÀϰú À¯»çÇÑ ±â´ÉÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº
³×Æ®¿öÅ© ³×ÀÓ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â °£´ÜÇÑ µ¥ÀÌÅͺ£À̽ºÀÌ´Ù. ¶óÀδç
¿ÀÁ÷ µÎ°³ÀÇ Çʵ带 °®´Â´Ù´Â Á¡¸¸ÀÌ ´Ù¸£¸ç ÀÌ Çʵå´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ÄÚµùµÈ´Ù.
<verb>
# networkname networkaddress
</verb>
¿¹Á¦´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù:
<verb>
loopnet 127.0.0.0
localnet 192.168.0.0
amprnet 44.0.0.0
</verb>
route¿Í °°Àº ¸í·ÉÀ» »ç¿ëÇϸé, ¸ñÀûÁö°¡ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©ÀÏ°í ±× ³×Æ®¿öÅ©°¡ /etc/net
worksÀÇ ¿£Æ®¸®¿¡ ÀÖÀ»¶§ route ¸í·ÉÀº ¾îµå·¹½º ´ë½Å¿¡ ³×ÀÓÀ» µð½ºÇ÷¹ÀÌ ÇØ
ÁÙ°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
</p>
<sect1> ³×Æ®¿öÅ© º¸¾È°ú ¾ï¼¼½º ÄÜÆ®·Ñ.
<p>
¾ÇÀÇÀûÀÎ °ø°Ý¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸Ó½Å°ú ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¸¦ Áö۴°ÍÀº ¸Å¿ì º¹ÀâÇÑ ±â¼ú
À̶ó´Â°ÍÀ» °æ°íÇϸç ÀÌ ºÎºÐÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇϰڴÙ. ³ª´Â ³ª ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ÀÌ ºÐ¾ßÀÇ Àü¹®°¡
¶ó°í´Â »ý°¢Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¶Ç ³»°¡ ±â¼úÇÑ ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¸ÞÄ«´ÏÁòÀÌ µµ¿òÀÌ µÈ´Ù ÇÒÁö¶ó
µµ º¸¾È¹®Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇØ ½É°¢ÇÏ´Ù¸é ¿©·¯ºÐ ½º½º·Î°¡ ¹®Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¿¬±¸ÇØ º¼°ÍÀ» Ãß
õÇÑ´Ù. ÀÎÅͳݿ¡ °ü·ÃµÈ ¹®¼°¡ ¸¹ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
°¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ·êÀº '»ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ¼¹ö´Â ¿î¿µÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó!' ÀÌ´Ù. ¸¹Àº ¹èÆ÷ÆÇÀÌ
¸ðµç Á¾·ùÀÇ ¼ºñ½º°¡ ¼³Á¤µÇ°í ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ½ÃÀÛÇϵµ·Ï µÇ¾îÀÖ´Ù. ÃÖ¼Ò·¹º§ÀÇ ¾È
Àü¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼µµ È®½ÇÇÏ°Ô Çϰí½Í´Ù¸é /etc/inetd.conf¸¦ Àß »ìÆìº¸°í »ç¿ëÇÏÁö
¾ÊÀ» ¼ºñ½ºÀÇ ¿£Æ®¸®´Â ¸ðµÎ ÁÖ¼®Ã³¸®Çضó. ÁÁÀº È帰¨(?)µéÀÌ ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¼ºñ½º
µéÀÌ´Ù.
shell, login, exec, uucp, ftp ±×¸®°í finger, netstat, systat µûÀ§ÀÇ
Á¤º¸ ¼ºñ½ºÀÌ´Ù.
±×°÷¿¡´Â ¸ðµç Á¾·ùÀÇ º¸¾È°ú ¾ï¼¼½º ÄÜÆ®·Ñ ¸ÞÄ«´ÏÁòÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ³ª´Â ±×µé ´ëºÎ
ºÐÀÇ ¿ä¼Ò¿¡ ´ëÇØ ±â¼úÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
</p>
<sect2>/etc/ftpusers
<p>
/etc/ftpusers ÆÄÀÏÀº ƯÁ¤ À¯Àú°¡ ftp¸¦ ÅëÇØ ¸Ó½ÅÀ¸·Î µé¾î¿À´Â °ÍÀ» ¸·¾ÆÁÖ
´Â °£´ÜÇÑ ¸ÞÄ«´ÏÁòÀÌ´Ù. /etc/ftpusers ´Â µé¾î¿À´Â ftp Ä¿³Ø¼ÇÀÌ ÀÖÀ»¶§ ftp
µ¥¸ó¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÀÐÇôÁø´Ù. ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀº ·Î±×ÀÎÀÌ Çã¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â »ç¿ëÀÚµéÀÇ °£˜Tg˜PA
¸®½ºÆ®ÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ º¸ÀϰÍÀÌ´Ù.
<verb>
# /etc/ftpusers - ftp ·Î±×ÀÎÀÌ Çã¿ë¾ÈµÇ´Â À¯Àúµé.
root
uucp
bin
mail
</verb>
</p>
<sect2> /etc/securetty
<p>
/etc/securetty´Â root ÀÇ ·Î±×ÀÎÀÌ Çã¿ëµÇ´Â tty µð¹ÙÀ̽º¸¦ ¸í½ÃÇϵµ·Ï ÇØÁØ
´Ù. /etc/securetty ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº login ÇÁ·Î±×·¥(ÈçÈ÷ /bin/login)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÀÐÇô
Áø´Ù. À̰ÍÀÇ Æ÷¸ËÀº rootÀÇ ·Î±×ÀÎÀÌ Çã¿ëµÇ´Â tty µð¹ÙÀ̽ºÀÇ ¸®½ºÆ®ÀÌ´Ù.
(ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ tty¿¡¼´Â root login ºÒ°¡)
<verb>
#/etc/securetty - tty's on which root is allowed to login
tty1
tty2
tty3
tty4
</verb>
</p>
<sect2> tcpd È£½ºÆ® ¾ï¼¼½º ÄÜÆ®·Ñ ¸ÞÄ«´ÏÁò.
<p>
/etc/inetd.conf¿¡ ¸®½ºÆ® µÈ°ÍÀ» º¸¾ÒÀ» tcpd ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº º¸È£Çϵµ·Ï ¼³Á¤µÈ
¼ºñ½ºÀÇ ·Î±×Àΰú ¾ï¼¼½º ÄÜÆ®·Ñ ¸ÞÄ«´ÏÁòÀ» Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù.
À̰ÍÀÌ inetd ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡ ÀÇÇØ È£ÃâµÇ¾úÀ»¶§, À̰ÍÀº ¾ï¼¼½º¸¦°ú ÀûÀýÈ÷ º¸È£ÇÏ
°í ÀÖ´Â ¼¹ö¸¦ Çã¿ëÇÒÁö ¾Æ´ÒÁö¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇϰí ÀÖ´Â µÎ°³ÀÇ ÆÄÀÏÀ» Àд´Ù.
À̰ÍÀº ù¹øÂ° ¸ÅÄ¡(match)°¡ ¹ß°ßµÉ¶§ ±îÁö ·ê ÆÄÀÏÀ» ãÀ»°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸ÅÄ¡°¡ ¹ß
°ß µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ¾ï¼¼½º°¡ ´©±¸¿¡°Ô³ª °¡´ÉÇѰÍÀ¸·Î °£ÁÖÇÑ´Ù. À̰ÍÀÌ Ã£´Â ÆÄÀÏ
Àº ¼ø¼´ë·Î /etc/hosts.allow /etc/hosts.deny ÀÌ´Ù. ³ª´Â À̰ÍÀ» Â÷·Ê·Î ¾ð±Þ
ÇϰڴÙ. ÀÌ ±â¼úÀÇ ¿Ïº®ÇÑ Âü°í¸¦ À§Çؼ ¿©·¯ºÐÀº ¸ÇÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ Âü°íÇØ¾ßÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä
°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. (hosts_access(5)´Â ÁÁÀº Ãâ¹ßÁ¡ÀÌ µÈ´Ù.).
</p>
<sect3> /etc/hosts.allow
<p>
/etc/hosts.allow ÆÄÀÏÀº /usr/sbin/tcpd ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀÏÀÌ´Ù. hosts.allo
w ÆÄÀÏÀº ¾î¶² È£½ºÆ®°¡ ¿©·¯ºÐ ¸Ó½Å»óÀÇ ¼ºñ½º¿¡ Çã¿ëµÇ´ÂÁö¸¦ ±â¼úÇÏ´Â ·êÀ»
Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â ÆÄÀÏÀÌ´Ù.
ÆÄÀÏÀÇ Æ÷¸ËÀº ¸Å¿ì °£´ÜÇÏ´Ù.
# /etc/hosts.allow
#
#<service list>: <host list> [: commnad]
<descrip>
<tag/ service list/
ÀÌ ·êÀÌ Àû¿ëµÇ´Â ¼¹ö³×ÀÓÀÇ °áÁ¤µÈ ¸®½ºÆ®ÀÇ ±âÈ£ÀÌ´Ù. ¼¹ö³×ÀÓÀÇ
¿¹´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù: ftpd, telnetd, fingerd
<tag/ host list/
È£½ºÆ® ³×ÀÓÀÇ °áÁ¤µÈ ¸®½ºÆ®ÀÇ ±âÈ£ÀÌ´Ù. ¿©±â¿¡ IP ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ
¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. °Ô´Ù°¡ ±×·ìÀÇ È£½ºÆ®¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇϵµ·Ï È£½ºÆ®³ª IP ¾îµå·¹½º¿¡
¿ÍÀϵå Ä«µå¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¸í½ÃÇÒ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ º¸ÀÚ: gw.vk2ktj.ampr.o
rg´Â ¸í½ÃµÈ È£½ºÆ® ³×ÀÓ°ú ¸ÅÄ¡µÇ°í, .uts.edu.au ´Â ÀÌ ½ºÆ®¸µÀ¸·Î
³¡³ª´Â ¾î¶² È£½ºÆ®³×ÀÓ°úµµ ¸ÅÄ¡µÉ°ÍÀ̸ç, 44. Àº À̰ÍÀ¸·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â
¸ðµç IP¿Í ¸ÅÄ¡µÉ°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¼³Á¤Àº °£´ÜÇÏ°Ô ÇϱâÀ§ÇÑ ¸î°¡Áö Ưº°ÇÑ Ç¥½Ã
°¡ Àִµ¥, À̵éÁß ¸î°¡Áö´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù: ALLÀº ¸ðµç È£½ºÆ®¿Í ¸ÅÄ¡µÇ
¸ç, LOCALÀº '.'À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ¸ðµç È£½ºÆ®¿Í ¸ÅÄ¡µÈ´Ù. PARANOID´Â
IP ¾îµå·¹½º¿Í ÀÏÄ¡ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ¸ðµç È£½ºÆ®³×ÀÓ°ú ¸ÅÄ¡µÈ´Ù(name spoofi
ng). ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î À¯¿ëÇÑ ÅäÅ«ÀÌ Çϳª ´õ ÀÖ´Ù. EXCEPT´Â ¿¹¿Ü¸¦ °®´Â
¸®½ºÆ®¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» Çã¿ëÇÒ°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
<tag/command /
À̰ÍÀº ¿É¼Ç ÆÄ¶ó¸ÞÅÍÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ÀÌ ·êÀÌ Àû¿ëµÉ¶§¸¶´Ù ½ÇÇàµÇ´Â ¸í·É
ÀÇ Ç® ÆÐ½º³×ÀÓÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ¿¹·Î½á È£½ºÆ®¿¡ ´©°¡ ·Î±×ÀÎÇߴ°¡¸¦ ±¸
º°ÇÏ´Â ¸í·ÉÀ» ½ÃµµÇÒ¼öµµ ÀÖ°í, ¶Ç´Â ´©±º°¡ Á¢¼ÓÀ» ½ÃµµÇÑ´Ù°í ½Ã½ºÅÛ
°ü¸®ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¸ÞÀÏÀ» º¸³»°Å³ª °æ°í¸Þ¼¼Áö¸¦ º¸³¾¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ¸î°¡Áö Æ÷ÇÔ
µÉ¼öÀÖ´Â È®Àå¸í·ÉÀÌ Àִµ¥, ¸î°¡Áö ÈçÇÑ ¿¹¸¦ º¸¸é: %h´Â Ä¿³ØÆÃ È£½º
Æ®ÀÇ ³×ÀÓ ¶Ç´Â ³×ÀÓÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó¸é IP ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ Ȯ¡Çϸç, %d´Â È£ÃâµÇ
´Â µ¥¸óÀÇ ³×ÀÓÀ» È®ÀåÇÑ´Ù.
</descrip>
¿¹:
<verb>
#/etc/hosts.allow
#
# Allow mail to anyone
in.smtpd: ALL
# All telnet and ftp to only hosts within my domain and my host at home.
telnetd, ftpd: LOCAL, myhost.athome.org.au
# Allow finger anyone but keep a record of who they are.
fingerd: ALL: (finger @%h | mail -s "finger from %h" root)
</verb>
</p>
<sect3> /etc/hosts.deny
<p>
/etc/hosts.deny ÆÄÀÏÀº /usr/sbin/tcpd ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀÏÀÌ´Ù. hosts.deny
ÆÄÀÏÀº ¿©·¯ºÐ ¸Ó½Å»óÀÇ ¼ºñ½º¿¡ ¾ï¼¼½º°¡ Çã¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â È£½ºÆ®¸¦ ±â·ÏÇÏ´Â
·êÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù.
´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº °£´ÜÇÑ »ùÇÃÀ» º¼¼öÀÖ´Ù.
<verb>
# /etc/hosts.deny
# Disallow all hosts with suspect hostnames
ALL: PARANOID
#
# Disallow all hosts.
ALL: ALL
</verb>
À̰æ¿ì ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¿£Æ®¸®°¡ ¸ðµç È£½ºÆ®¸¦ ¸·À¸¹Ç·Î PARANOID ¿£Æ®¸®´Â ¹«ÀǹÌÇÑ
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌÁß ÇϳªÀÇ ¿£Æ®¸®°¡ ¿©·¯ºÐÀÇ ¿ä±¸¿¡ µû¶ó ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀÎ µðÆúÆ®°¡ µÉ°ÍÀÌ
´Ù.
/etc/hosts.deny¿¡ ALL: ALL µðÆúÆ®¸¦ °®°í /etc/hosts.allow¿¡ ¿øÇÏ´Â ¼ºñ½º
¿Í È£½ºÆ®¸¦ ¸í½ÃÇϴ°ÍÀÌ °¡Àå ¾ÈÀüÇÑ ¼³Á¤ÀÌ´Ù.
</p>
<sect2>/etc/hosts.equiv
<p>
hosts.equiv ÆÄÀÏÀº ƯÁ¤ È£½ºÆ®¿Í ƯÁ¤ À¯Àú¿¡°Ô ÆÐ½º¿öµå¾øÀÌ ¿©·¯ºÐ ¸Ó½Å»ó
ÀÇ °èÁ¤¿¡ ¾ï¼¼½º ±ÇÇÑÀ» ÁÖ±âÀ§ÇØ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ¸ðµç ¸Ó½ÅÀ» Á¦
¾îÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¾ÈÀüÇÑ È¯°æ¿¡¼´Â ¸Å¿ì Æí¸®Çϳª, ±×·¸Áö ¾ÊÀº °æ¿ì º¸¾È»óÀÇ Çê
Á¡ÀÌ µÈ´Ù. ¿©·¯ºÐÀÇ È£½ºÆ®´Â °¡Àå Àû°Ô ½ÅÀӹ޴ ȣ½ºÆ®¸¸Å¸¸ ¾ÈÀüÇÒ»ÓÀÌ´Ù.
º¸¾ÈÀ» ÃÖ´ëÈÇϱâ À§Çؼ´Â ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¸»°í »ç¿ëÀڵ鵵 .rhosts ÆÄÀÏ
À» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï ÁÖÀǸ¦ ÁÖ¾î¶ó.
</p>
<sect2>ftp µ¥¸óÀÇ ÀûÀýÇÑ ¼³Á¤.
<p>
¸¹Àº »çÀÌÆ®µéÀÌ »ç¶÷µé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ƯÁ¤ ¾ÆÀ̵𸦠¿ä±¸ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¾÷ ¶Ç´Â
´Ù¿î·Îµå ÇÒ¼öÀÖµµ·Ï À͸í ftp¸¦ ¿î¿µÇϴµ¥ °ü½ÉÀ» µÎ°í ÀÖ´Ù. À̰ÍÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ
±â·Î °áÁ¤Çß´Ù¸é anonymous ¾ï¼¼½º¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÀûÀýÇÑ ¼³Á¤À» ÇØÁÖ¾ú´ÂÁö¸¦ È®ÀÎÇÏ
¿©¶ó. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ fptd(8) ¸ÇÆäÀÌÁö°¡ À̰Ϳ¡ °üÇØ Àû´çÈ÷ ±â¼úÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¿©·¯ºÐ
Àº Ç×»ó ÀÌ ÁÖÀǸ¦ µû¸£°í ÀÖ´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ÆÁÀº anonymous
°èÁ¤ÀÇ /etc µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ /etc/passwdÀÇ º¹»çº»À» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¹Ýµå½Ã
ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °èÁ¤À» Á¦¿ÜÇϰí´Â ¸ðµÎ ¾ø¾Ö¹ö¸®µµ·Ï ÇØ¶ó. ±×·¸Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ¿©·¯ºÐÀº ÆÐ
½º¿öµå Å©·¢Å·°ø°Ý¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¸¹Àº ¾àÁ¡À» Áö´Ï°Ô µÉ°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
</p>
<sect2> ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÆÄÀ̾î¿ù¸µ.
<p>
µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥À» ¿©·¯ºÐÀÇ ¼¹ö³ª ¸Ó½Å¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ô Çϴ°ÍÀº ¶Ù¾î³ º¸¾È¼ö
´ÜÀÌ´Ù. À̰Ϳ¡ °üÇÑ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ ³»¿ëÀº firewall-howto¿¡¼ ´Ù·ç¾îÁø´Ù.
</p>
<sect2>´Ù¸¥ Á¦¾Èµé.
<p>
¿©±â¿¡ ´Ù¸¥, ÀáÀçÀûÀ¸·Î ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ¼¼½ÉÈ÷ °í·ÁÇØºÁ¾ß ÇÒ Á¦¾ÈÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
<descrip>
<tag/sendmail/
±×°ÍÀÇ ´ëÁß¼º¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ¼¾µå¸ÞÀÏ µ¥¸óÀº º¸¾È °æ°í °ø°í¿¡ ´ëÇØ »ó
´çÈ÷ µÎ·Á¿öÇÏ´Â °Íó·³ º¸ÀδÙ. ±×°ÍÀº ¿©·¯ºÐ¿¡°Ô ´Þ·ÈÁö¸¸, ³ª¶ó¸é
¼¾µå¸ÞÀÏÀ» ¿î¿µÇÏÁö ¾Ê°Ú´Ù.
<tag/NFS ¿Í ±×¿Ü Sun RPC ¼ºñ½º./
À̰ÍÀ» °æ°èÇ϶ó. ÀÌ ¼ºñ½º¿¡´Â ¸ðµç Á¾·ùÀÇ exploitÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. NFS °°Àº
¼ºñ½º ¿É¼ÇÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº »ó´çÈ÷ ¾î·Æ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ±×°ÍÀ»
¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù¸é ¸¶¿îÆ®ÇÒ ±Ç¸®¸¦ ´©±¸¿¡°Ô ºÎ¿©Çϴ°¡¿¡ ´ëÇØ ½ÅÁßÇ϶ó.
</descrip>
</p>
<sect> Network Technology Specific Information.<p>
´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ÇÏÀ§ ºÎºÐµéÀº ƯÁ¤ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ±â¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¸í½ÃÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ºÎºÐ¿¡ Æ÷
ÇÔµÈ Á¤º¸´Â ´Ù¸¥ ŸÀÔÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ±â¼ú¿¡ ¹Ýµå½Ã Àû¿ëµÇ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
</p>
<sect1> ARCnet
<p>
ARCNET µð¹ÙÀ̽º´Â 'arc0s', 'arc1e', 'arc2e' µîÀ¸·Î À̸§ºÙ¿©Áø´Ù. Ä¿³Î¿¡ ÀÇ
ÇØ óÀ½À¸·Î ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â Ä«µå´Â 'eth0'¿¡ ÇÒ´çµÇ¸ç ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ±×µéÀÌ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â ¼ø
¼¿¡ µû¶ó Â÷·Ê´ë·Î ÇÒ´çµÈ´Ù. ¸¶Áö¸·ÀÇ ¹®ÀÚ´Â ÀÌ´õ³Ý ÀÎĸ½¶·¹ÀÌ¼Ç ÆÐŶÀ» ¼±
ÅÃÇß´ÂÁö, RFC1051 ÆÐŶ Æ÷¸ËÀ» »ç¿ëÇß´ÂÁö¸¦ ¾Ë·ÁÁØ´Ù.
Ä¿³Î ÄÄÆÄÀÏ ¿É¼Ç:
Network device support --->
[*] Network device support
<*> ARCnet support
[ ] Enable arc0e (ARCnet "Ether-Encap" packet format)
[ ] Enable arc0s (ARCnet RFC1051 packet format)
ÇѹøÀÌ¶óµµ ÀÌ´õ³Ý Ä«µåÀÇ Áö¿øÀ» À§ÇØ Ä¿³ÎÀ» ÀûÀýÈ÷ ¸¸µé¾î º»ÀûÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù¸é ÀÌ
Ä«µåÀÇ ¼³Á¤Àº ½¬¿ï°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
ÀüÇüÀûÀ¸·Î ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº°ÍÀ» »ç¿ëÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù:
<verb>
# ifconfig arc0e 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
# route add 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 arc0e
</verb>
ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ Á¤º¸´Â /usr/src/linx/Documentation/networking/arcnet-hardware.txt
ÆÄÀÏÀ» Âü°íÇ϶ó.
ARCNet Áö¿øÀº Avery Pennarun, <url url="mailto:apenwarr@foxnet.net" name="apenwarr@foxnet.net">¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ °³¹ßµÇ¾ú´Ù.
</p>
<sect1> Appletalk(AF_APPLETALK)
<p>
Appletalk Áö¿øÀº Ưº°ÇÑ µð¹ÙÀ̽º¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Âµ¥, À̰ÍÀÌ ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©
µð¹ÙÀ̽º¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀÇ Áß¿äÇÑ »ç¿ëÀº ¸®´ª½º ¸Ó½Å°ú ¾ÖÇà ÄÄÇ»
ÅͰ¡ ÇÁ¸°Åͳª µð½ºÅ©µîÀÇ ÀÚ¿øÀ» °øÀ¯Çϱâ À§ÇؼÀÌ´Ù. Ãß°¡ÀÇ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î°¡
ÇÊ¿äÇϸç À̰ÍÀº netatalk¶ó°í ºÒ¸°´Ù. Wesley Craig <url url="mailto:netatalk@umich.edu" name="netatalk@umich.edu">°¡ ¹Ì
½Ã°£ ´ëÇÐÀÇ 'Research Systems Unix Groups'À̶õ ÆÀÀ» ´ëÇ¥ÇßÀ¸¸ç ±×µéÀº neta
talk ÆÐŰÁö¸¦ °³¹ßÇØ ³»¾ú´Âµ¥, À̰ÍÀº Appletalk ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ ½ºÅðú À¯¿ëÇÑ À¯
Æ¿¸®Æ¼¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î¸¦ Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù. netatalk ÆÐŰÁö´Â ¸®´ª½º ¹èÆ÷º»¿¡
ÀÇÇØ Á¦°øµÇ°Å³ª ¾Æ´Ï¸é ¹Ì½Ã°£ ´ëÇп¡ Àִ Ȩ»çÀÌÆ®¿¡¼ ftp Àü¼ÛÀ» ¹ÞÀ»¼öÀÖ
´Ù.
<<url url="ftp://terminator.rs.itd.umich.edu/unix/netatalk/" name="terminator.rs.itd.umich.edu/unix/netatalk/">>
ÀÌ ÆÐŰÁö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡Çϱâ À§Çؼ´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ Ç϶ó.
<verb>
# cd /usr/src
# tar xvfz .../netatalk-1.4b2.tar.Z
- ¿©±â¼ 'Makefile'À» ¼öÁ¤ÇÏ°í ½ÍÀ»¼öµµ Àִµ¥, ƯÈ÷ ÆÄÀϵéÀÌ ¾îµð
</verb>
¿¡ ¼³Ä¡µÉ °ÍÀΰ¡¸¦ Á¤ÀÇÇØÁÖ´Â DESTDIR º¯¼ö¸¦ ¹Ù²Ù¾î ÁÖ±â À§ÇØ ±×
·² °ÍÀÌ´Ù. µðÆúÆ®´Â /usr/local/atalk·Î µÇ¾îÀִµ¥ ¸Å¿ì ¾ÈÀüÇÏ´Ù.
<verb>
# make
- as root:
# make install
</verb>
</p>
<sect2> Appletalk ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Á¤.
<p>
À̰ÍÀÌ µ¿ÀÛÇÏ°Ô ÇϱâÀ§ÇØ °¡Àå ¸ÕÀú ÇØ¾ßÇÒÀÏÀº /etc/services ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ »õ·Î¿î
¿£Æ®¸®¸¦ Ãß°¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Ãß°¡ÇÒ ¿£Æ®¸®´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù:
<verb>
rtmp 1/ddp # Routing Table Maintenance Protocol
nbp 2/ddp # Name Binding Protocol
echo 4/ddp # AppleTalk Echo Protocol
zip 6/ddp # Zone Information Protocol
</verb>
´ÙÀ½Àº /usr/local/atalk/etc µð·ºÅ丮¿¡(ȤÀº ÆÐŰÁö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÑ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡) ap
pletalk ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¸¸µé¾î ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
óÀ½À¸·Î ¸¸µé¾îÁà¾ß ÇÏ´Â ÆÄÀÏÀº /usr/local/atalk/etc/atalkd.conf ÆÄÀÏÀÌ´Ù.
óÀ½¿¡´Â ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀº ¾ÖÇà ¸Ó½ÅÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¸¦ Áö¿øÇÏ´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µð¹ÙÀ̽º
ÀÇ À̸§À» ÁöÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ÇϳªÀÇ ¶óÀθ¸ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÒ»ÓÀÌ´Ù.
<verb>
eth0
</verb>
Appletalk µ¥¸óÀº ³ª¸ÓÁö ¼¼ºÎ»çÇ×µéÀ» ½ÇÇàµÚ¿¡ Ãß°¡ÇÒ°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
</p>
<sect2> Appletalk¸¦ °æÀ¯ÇÑ ¸®´ª½º ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀÇ Å½Çè.
<p>
³×Æ®¿öÅ©»óÀÇ ¾ÖÇøӽÅÀÌ °øÀ¯Çϵµ·Ï ¸®´ª½º ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀ» ³×Æ®¿öÅ©·Î export
ÇÒ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.
À̰ÍÀ» À§Çؼ´Â /usr/local/atalk/etc/AppleVolumes.system ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¼³Á¤Çؾß
ÇÑ´Ù. /usr/local/atalk/etc/AppleVolumes.default¶ó ºÒ¸®´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¼³Á¤ ÆÄÀϵµ
Àִµ¥ À̰ÍÀº ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ °°Àº Æ÷¸ËÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, °Ô½ºÆ® ±ÇÇÑÀ» °¡Áö°í Á¢¼Ó
ÇÑ »ç¿ëÀÚ°¡ ¾î¶² ÆÄÀÏ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ¹ÞÀ» °ÍÀΰ¡¸¦ ±â¼úÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ¼³Á¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸ðµç ¼¼ºÎ»çÇ×°ú ¾î¶² ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¿É¼ÇÀÌ Àִ°¡´Â afpd ¸Ç
ÆäÀÌÁö¿¡¼ ãÀ»¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº °£´ÜÇÑ ¿¹¸¦ º¼¼öÀÖ´Ù:
<verb>
/tmp Scratch
/home/ftp/pub "Public Area"
</verb>
À̰ÍÀº /tmp ÆÄÀϽýºÅÛÀ» AppleShare VolumeÀÇ 'Scratch'·Î, ftp public µð·º
Å丮¸¦ AppleShare VolumeÀÇ 'Public Area'·Î export ÇÒ°ÍÀÌ´Ù. VolumeÀÇ À̸§
Àº °Á¦ÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°í µ¥¸óÀÌ ¸î°¡Áö¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇϸç, ¾î¶µç ±×µéÀ» ¸í½ÃÇÏÁö
¸»¾Æ¶ó.
</p>
<sect2> Appletalk ¿Í ¸®´ª½º ÇÁ¸°ÅÍ °øÀ¯Çϱâ.
<p>
¾ÆÁÖ °£´ÜÇÏ°Ô ¸®´ª½º ÇÁ¸°Å͸¦ ¾ÖÇà ¸Ó½Å°ú °øÀ¯ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¿©·¯ºÐÀº Apple Pr
inter Access Protocol DaemonÀÎ papd¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ¿î
¿µÇϸé À̰ÍÀº ¾ÖÇà ¸Ó½ÅÀ¸·Î ºÎÅÍ ¿äûÀ» ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌ°í ·ÎÄà ¶óÀÎ ÇÁ¸°ÅÍ µ¥¸óÀ¸
·Î ÇÁ¸°Æ® ÀâÀ» ½ºÇ®ÇÒ°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
ÀÌ µ¥¸óÀÇ ¼³Á¤À» À§Çؼ´Â /usr/local/atalk/etc/papd.conf ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¼öÁ¤ÇÒ ÇÊ
¿ä°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. Á¤ÀÇ¿¡ ³Ö¾îÁØ À̸§Àº Appletalk naming ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄݰú ÇÔ²² µî·ÏµÉ°Í
ÀÌ´Ù.
´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº °£´ÜÇÑ ¿¹¸¦ º¼¼öÀÖ´Ù:
<verb>
TricWriter:\
:pr=lp:op=cg:
</verb>
À̰ÍÀº Appletalk ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡¼ °¡´ÉÇÑ 'TricWriter'¶õ À̸§ÀÇ ÇÁ¸°Å͸¦ ¸¸µé¸ç
µé¾î¿À´Â jobÀº lpd¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â 'lp'(/etc/printcap¿¡ Á¤ÀÇµÈ ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ) ÇÁ¸°
ÅÍ·Î ÇÁ¸°Æ® µÉ°ÍÀÌ´Ù. 'op=cg' ¿£Æ®¸®´Â ¸®´ª½º À¯Àú 'cg'°¡ ÇÁ¸°ÅÍÀÇ ¿ÀÆÛ·¹
ÀÌÅÍÀÓÀ» ¸»ÇØÁØ´Ù.
</p>
<sect2>Appletalk ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î ½ÃÀÛÇϱâ.
<p>
ok, ÀÌÁ¦ ¿©·¯ºÐÀº ±âº» ¼³Á¤À» Å×½ºÆ®ÇÒ Áغñ°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. netatalk ÆÐŰÁö¿Í ÇÔ
²² Á¦°øµÇ¸ç Àß µ¿ÀÛÇÏ´Â rc.atalk ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ¿©·¯ºÐÀº ´ÙÀ½¸¸ ÇØ
ÁÖ¸é µÈ´Ù.
<verb>
# /usr/local/atalk/etc/rc.atalk
</verb>
¸ðµç ½ÃÀÛÇϰí Àß µ¹¾Æ°¥°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¾Æ¹«·± ¿¡·¯¸Þ¼¼Áöµµ ³ªÁö ¾ÊÀ»°ÍÀ̰í, °¢ ½º
Å×ÀÌÁö°¡ ½ÃÀÛÇÒ¶§ ÀÌ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î´Â ÄַܼΠ¸Þ¼¼Áö¸¦ º¸³¾°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
</p>
<sect2> appletalk ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ Å×½ºÆ®.
<p>
ÀÌ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î°¡ ÀûÀýÇÏ°Ô µ¿ÀÛÇϴ°¡¸¦ Å×½ºÆ®Çϱâ À§Çؼ´Â ¾ÖÇøӽÅÀ¸·Î ´Þ
·Á°¡¼, Apple ¸Þ´º¸¦ Ç®´Ù¿îÇϰí, Chooser¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇѵÚ, AppleShare¸¦ Ŭ¸¯ÇØ
¶ó. ±×·¯¸é ¸®´ª½º ¹Ú½º°¡ º¸ÀϰÍÀÌ´Ù.
</p>
<sect2> appletalk ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ÁÖÀÇÇÒÁ¡.
<p>
<enum>
<item> IP ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¸¦ ¼³Á¤Çϱâ Àü¿¡ appletalk Áö¿øÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇØ¾ß ÇÒÁöµµ ¸ð¸¥´Ù.
Appletalk ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ½ÃÀÛÇϴµ¥ ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀÖ´Ù¸é, ȤÀº ±×°ÍÀº ½ÃÀÛÇѵڿ¡
IP ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡ ¹®Á¦°¡ »ý°å´Ù¸é, /etc/rc.d/rc.inet1 ÆÄÀÏÀ» ½ÇÇàÇϱâ Àü¿¡
Appletalk ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ½ÃÀÛÇØ º¸¾Æ¶ó.
<item> afpd(Apple Filing Protocol Daemon) Áöµ¶ÇÏ°Ô Çϵåµð½ºÅ©¸¦ Àâ¾Æ¸Ô´Â´Ù. ¸¶
¿îÆ® Æ÷ÀÎÆ® ¾Æ·¡¿¡ À̰ÍÀº ¸î°³ÀÇ µð·ºÅ丮¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù. À̰ÍÀº .AppleDouble
µð·ºÅ丮¸¦ ¸¸µé¾î¼ resource fork¸¦ ÀúÀåÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î '/'¸¦ Àͽº
Æ÷ÆÃ(exporting)Çϱâ Àü¿¡ µÎ¹ø »ý°¢Ç϶ó. ³ªÁß¿¡ Á¤¸®Çϴµ¥ ¸¹Àº ½Ã°£ÀÌ
°É¸±°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
<item> afpd ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ¸ÆÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ Å¬¸®¾î ÅØ½ºÆ® ÆÐ½º¿öµå¸¦ ±â´ëÇÑ´Ù. º¸¾ÈÀÌ
¹®Á¦°¡ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ÀÎÅͳݿ¡ ¿¬°áµÈ ¸Ó½Å¿¡¼ ÀÌ µ¥¸óÀ» ¿î¿µÇÒ¶§´Â
½ÅÁßÇ϶ó. ´©±º°¡°¡ ¸øµÈÁþÀ» ÇÑ´Ù¸é ¿©·¯ºÐ ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ºñ³ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
<item> netstat, ifconfigµî ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ºÐ¼®ÅøÀº Appletalk¸¦ Áö¿øÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÇÊ¿äÇÏ
´Ù¸é /proc/net µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¾òÀ»¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
</enum>
</p>
<sect2> ±×¿ÜÀÇ Á¤º¸.
<p>
¸®´ª½º¿¡¼ Aplletalk¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´õ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ ±â¼úÀº thehamptons.c
om <<url url="http://thehamptons.com/anders/netatalk/" name="thehamptons.com/anders/netatalk/">>ÀÇ Anders Brownworth Linux Net
atalk-HOWTO ÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ Âü°íÇ϶ó.
</p>
<sect1> ATM
<p>
¸®´ª½º¿¡ Asynchronous Transfer Mode¸¦ Áö¿øÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¸¦ Werner Alme
sberger <<url url="mailto:werner.almesberger@lrc.di.epfl.ch" name="werner.almesberger@lrc.di.epfl.ch">>°¡ °ü¸®ÁßÀÌ´Ù. ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®ÀÇ »óȲ
¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÇöÀç Á¤º¸´Â ´ÙÀ½¿¡¼ ¾òÀ»¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.<<url url="http://www.epfl.ch/linux-atm" name="www.epfl.ch/linux-atm">>
</p>
<sect1> AX25 (AF_AX25)
<p>
AX.25 µð¹ÙÀ̽º´Â Ä¿³Î 2.0.*¿¡¼ 'sl0', 'sl1' µîÀ̰í, Ä¿³Î 2.1.*¿¡¼ 'ax0',
'ax1' µîÀÌ´Ù.
Kernel Compile Options:
Networking options --->
[*] Amateur Radio AX.25 Level 2
AX25, Netrom, Rose ÇÁ·ÎÅäŬÀº AX25-HOWTO ¿¡¼ ´Ù·ç¾î Áø´Ù. ÀÌ ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀº
ÆÐŶ ¶óµð¿À ½ÇÇèÀÇ ¼¼°è ¾Æ¸¶Ãß¾î ¶óµð¿À ¿ÀÆÛ·¹ÀÌÅÍ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
ÀÌ ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀÇ implementationÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ÀÛ¾÷Àº Jonathon Naylor, <url url="mailto:jsn@cs.not.ac.uk" name="jsn@cs.not.ac.uk">¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³´Ù.
</p>
<sect1> DECNet.
<p>
DECNetÀÇ Áö¿øÀº ÇöÀçµµ °è¼Ó ÀÛ¾÷ÁßÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌÈÄÀÇ 2.1.* Ä¿³Î¿¡¼´Â º¼¼öµµ ÀÖ
°Ú´Ù.
</p>
<sect1> EQL - multiple line traffic equaliser
<p>
EQL µð¹ÙÀ̽º À̸§Àº 'eql'ÀÌ´Ù. Ç¥ÁØÀÇ Ä¿³Î¼Ò½º·Î´Â ÇÑ ¸Ó½Å´ç ÇϳªÀÇ EQL µð
¹ÙÀ̽º¸¸À» °®´Â´Ù. EQLÀº tcp/ip¸¦ ¿î¼ÛÇÏ´Â ½Ì±Û ·ÎÁöÄà ¸µÅ©·Î¼ÀÇ PPP, sli
p, plipµîÀÇ ´ÙÁß point to point Ȱ¿ëÀÇ ¼ö´ÜÀ» Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù. ¿©·¯°³ÀÇ Àú¼Ó ¶óÀÎ
À» ¾²´Â °ÍÀÌ Á¾Á¾ ÇѰ³ÀÇ °í¼Ó ¶óÀÎÀ» ¾²´Â°Íº¸´Ù ´õ ½Î´Ù.
Kernel Compile Options:
Networking options --->
[*] Amateur Radio AX.25 Level 2
ÀÌ ¸ÞÄ«´ÏÁòÀ» Áö¿øÇϱâ À§Çؼ´Â ¶óÀÎÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ³¡¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¸Ó½Åµµ EQLÀ» Áö¿øÇØ
¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Linux, Livingstone, Portmaster ±×¸®°í »õ·Î¿î ´ÙÀ̾óÀÎ ¼¹ö°¡ ȣȯ
´É·ÂÀ» Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù.
EQLÀ» ¼³Á¤Çϱâ À§Çؼ´Â ´ÙÀ½¿¡¼ ±¸ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Â eql ÅøÀÌ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
sunsite.unc.edu
<<url url="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/linux/system/Serial/eql-1.2.tar.gz" name="sunsite.unc.edu/pub/linux/system/Serial/eql-1.2.tar.gz">>
¼³Á¤Àº ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ¼ö¿ùÇÏ´Ù. eql ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÏ¸é¼ ½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù. eql ÀÎÅÍÆäÀÌ
½º´Â ´Ù¸¥ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¿Í ºñ½ÁÇÏ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ifconfig À¯Æ¿¸®Æ¼¸¦
ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© IP ¾îµå·¹½º¿Í myu¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù.
<verb>
ifconfig eql 192.168.10.1 mtu 1006
route add default eql
</verb>
´ÙÀ½À¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ °¢ ¶óÀÎÀ» ¼öµ¿À¸·Î ÃʱâÈÇØÁÙ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº point to
point µð¹ÙÀ̽ºÀÇ Á¶ÇÕÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³´Ù. Ä¿³Ø¼ÇÀ» ¾î¶»°Ô ÃʱâÈÇÒ°ÍÀΰ¡ Çϴ°Í
Àº ¶óÀÎÀÇ Á¾·ù¿¡ µû¶ó ´Þ¶óÁö¸ç, ´õ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ Á¤º¸´Â ÀûÀýÇÑ ºÎºÐÀ» Âü°íÇϱ⠹Ù
¶õ´Ù.
¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î EQL µð¹ÙÀ̽º¿Í ½Ã¸®¾ó ¸µÅ©¸¦ ¿¬°áÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, À̰ÍÀº 'ensl
aving'À̶ó°í ºÒ¸®°í º¸ÀÌ´Â ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ eql_enslave ¸í·ÉÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù.
<verb>
eql_enslave eql sl0 28800
eql_enslave eql ppp0 14400
</verb>
¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ eql_enslave¿¡ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â 'estimated speed' ÆÄ¶ó¸ÞÅÍ´Â Á÷Á¢ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â
¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº EQL µå¶óÀ̹ö¿¡ ÀÇÇØ µð¹ÙÀ̽º°¡ ¾ó¸¸ÅÀÇ
µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥À» ¹ÞÀ»°ÍÀΰ¡¸¦ °áÁ¤Çϱâ À§ÇØ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ¿©·¯ºÐÀº ÀÌ °ª
À» »ç¿ëÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ±ÕÇüÀ» ÀûÀýÈ÷ Á¶ÀýÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
EQL µð¹ÙÀ̽º·Î ºÎÅÍ ¶óÀÎÀÇ ¿¬°áÀ» ²÷±â À§Çؼ´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ eql_emancipate
¸í·ÉÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
<verb>
eql_emancipate eql sl0
</verb>
¶ó¿ìÆ®°¡ ½ÇÁ¦ÀÇ ½Ã¸®¾ó µðºñÀ̽º ´ë½Å¿¡ eql µð¹ÙÀ̽º¸¦ ÂüÁ¶ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÏ
¸é ´Ù¸¥ point to point ¸µÅ©·Î ¶ó¿ìÆÃÀ» Ãß°¡ÇÒ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀüÇüÀûÀ¸·Î ´ÙÀ½°ú
°°ÀÌ ÇÏ¿ëÇϰÚÁö:
<verb>
route add default eql0
</verb>
EQL µå¶óÀ̹ö´Â Simon Janes <url url="mailto:simon@ncm.com" name="simon@ncm.com">¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °³¹ßµÇ¾ú´Ù.
</p>
<sect1>ÀÌ´õ³Ý.
<p>
ÀÌ´õ³Ý µð¹ÙÀ̽ºÀÇ À̸§Àº 'eth0', 'eth1' ,'eth2' µîÀÌ´Ù. Ä¿³Î¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ù¹øÂ°
·Î ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â Ä«µå´Â 'eth0'¿¡ ÇÒ´çµÇ¸ç ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â ¼ø¼´ë·Î
ÇÒ´çµÈ´Ù.
¸®´ª½º »ó¿¡¼ ÀÌ´õ³Ý Ä«µåÀÇ µ¿ÀÛ¹ýÀ» ¾Ë°í½Í´Ù¸é Ethernet-HOWTO¸¦ Âü°íÇ϶ó.
ÀÌ´õ³Ý Ä«µå¸¦ Áö¿øÇϵµ·Ï Ä¿³ÎÀ» ¸¸µé¾î º¸¾Ò´Ù¸é ÀÌ ¼³Á¤Àº ½¬¿ï°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
´ëü·Î ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³¯°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
<verb>
# ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
# route add 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0
</verb>
´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ÀÌ´õ³Ý µå¶óÀ̹ö´Â Donald Becker, <url url="mailto:becker@CESDIS.gsfc.nasa.gov" name="becker@CESDIS.gsfc.nasa.gov">¿¡ ÀÇ
ÇØ °³¹ßµÇ¾ú´Ù.
</p>
<sect1> FDDI
<p>
FDDIÀÇ µð¹ÙÀ̽º ³×ÀÓÀº 'fddi0', 'fddi1', 'fddi2' µîÀÌ´Ù. Ä¿³Î¿¡ ÀÇÇØ óÀ½
À¸·Î ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â µð¹ÙÀ̽º´Â 'fddi0'¿¡ ÇÒ´çµÇ°í, ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â ¼ø¼´ë·Î ÇÒ
´çµÈ´Ù.
Lawrence V. Stefani, <url url="mailto:stefani@lkg.dec.com" name="stefani@lkg.dec.com">´Â Digital Equipment Corporation
FDDI EISA ±×¸®°í PCI Ä«µå¸¦ °³¹ßÇß´Ù.
Kernel Compile Options:
Network device support --->
[*] FDDI driver support
[*] Digital DEFEA and DEFPA adapter support
FDDI µå¶óÀ̹ö¸¦ Áö¿øÇÏ´Â Ä¿³ÎÀ» ¸¸µé°í ¼³Ä¡Çß´Ù¸é, FDDI ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽ºÀÇ ¼³Á¤
Àº ÀÌ´õ³Ý ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽ºÀÇ ¼³Á¤°ú °ÅÀÇ µ¿ÀÏÇÏ´Ù. ÀûÀýÇÑ FDDI ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽ºÀÇ À̸§
À» ifconfig°ú route ¸í·É¿¡ ¸í½ÃÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
</p>
<sect1> Frame Relay
<p>
DLCI ÀÎĸ½¶·¹ÀÌ¼Ç µð¹ÙÀ̽º¸¦ À§ÇÑ ÇÁ·¹ÀÓ ¸±·¹ÀÌÀÇ µð¹ÙÀ̽º À̸§Àº 'dlci00'
, 'dlci01' µîÀ̸ç, FRAD¸¦ À§ÇÑ °ÍÀº 'sdla0', 'sdla1'µîÀÌ´Ù.
ÇÁ·¹ÀÓ ¸±·¹ÀÌ´Â µ¹¹ßÀûÀÎ ¶Ç´Â °£ÇæÀûÀÎ µ¥ÀÌÄ¿ Ä¿¹Â´ÏÄÉÀÌ¼Ç Æ®·¡ÇÈ¿¡ Àû¿ëÇÏ
±â À§ÇØ ¼³°èµÈ »õ·Î¿î ³×Æ®¿öÅ· ±â¼úÀÌ´Ù. Frame Relay Access Device(FRAD)¸¦
»ç¿ëÇØ ÇÁ·¹ÀÓ ¸±·¹ÀÌ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡ Á¢¼ÓÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¸®´ª½º ÇÁ·¹ÀÓ ¸±·¹ÀÌ´Â RFC-
1490¿¡ ±â¼úµÈ´ë·Î ÇÁ·¹ÀÓ ¸±·¹ÀÌ »ó¿¡¼ IP¸¦ Áö¿øÇÑ´Ù.
Kernel Compile Options:
Network device support --->
<*> Frame relay DLCI support (EXPERIMENTAL)
(24) Max open DLCI
(8) Max DLCI per device
<*> SDLA (Sangoma S502/S508) support
Mike McLagan, mike.<url url="mailto:mclagan@linux.org" name="mclagan@linux.org">°¡ ÇÁ·¹ÀÓ ¸±·¹ÀÌÀÇ Áö¿ø°ú ¼³Á¤ÅøÀ» °³
¹ßÇß´Ù.
ÇöÀç Áö¿øµÇ´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ ÇÁ·¹ÀÓ ¸±·¹ÀÌ´Â Sangoam TechnologyÀÇ S502A, S502E, S5
08ÀÌ´Ù.
Ä¿³ÎÀÇ À缳ġÈÄ¿¡ FRAD¿Í DLCI¸¦ ¼³Á¤Çϱâ À§Çؼ´Â ftp.invlogic.com¿¡¼ ¾ò
À»¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÇÁ·¹ÀÓ ¸±·¹ÀÌ ¼³Á¤ÅøÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.
<ftp://ftp.invlogic.com/pub/linux/fr/frad-0.15.tgz>. ÄÄÆÄÀϰú ¼³Ä¡´Â ¸Å¿ì
¼ö¿ùÇϳª, top ·¹º§ÀÇ MakefileÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¹Ç·Î ¼öµ¿À¸·Î ÇØÁÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
<verb>
# cd /usr/src
# tar xvfz .../frad-0.15.tgz
# cd frad-0.15
# for i in common dlci frad; do cd $i; make clean; make; cd ..;done
# mkdir /etc/frad
# install -m 644 -o root -g bin/*.sfm /etc/frad
# install -m 700 -o root -g root frad/fradcfg /sbin
# install -m 700 -o root -g root dlci/dlcicfg /sbin
</verb>
ÅøÀ» ¼³Ä¡Çѵڿ¡ /etc/frad/router.conf ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¸¸µé Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ÅÛÇø´À»
ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ¼öµµ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, À̰ÍÀº ¿¹Á¦ ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ¼öÁ¤ ¹öÀüÀÌ´Ù.
<verb>
# /etc/frad/router.conf
# This is a template configuration for frame relay.
# All tags are included. The default values are based on the code
# supplied with the DOS drivers for the Sangoma S502A card.
#
# A '#' anywhere in a line constitutes a comment
# Blanks are ignored (you can indent with tabs too)
# Unknown [] entries and unknown keys are ignored
#
[Devices]
Count=1 # number of devices to configure
Dev_1=sdla0 # the name of a device
#Dev_2=sdla1 # the name of a device
# Specified here, these are applied to all devices, and can be overriden
for
# each individual board.
#
Access=CPE
Clock=Internal
KBaud=64
Flags=TX
#
# MTU=1500 # Maximum transmit IFrame length, default is 4096
# T391=10 # T391 value 5 - 30, default is 10
# T392=15 # T392 value 5 - 30, default is 15
# N391=6 # N391 value 1 - 255, default is 6
# N392=3 # N392 value 1 - 10, default is 3
# N393=4 # N393 value 1 - 10, default is 4
# Specified here, these set the defaults for all boards
# CIRfwd=16 # CIR forward 1 - 64
# Bc_fwd=16 # Bc forward 1 - 512
# Be_fwd=0 # Be forward 0 - 511
# CIRbak=16 # CIR backward 1 - 64
# Bc_bak=16 # Bc backward 1 - 512
# Be_bak=0 # Be backward 0 - 511
#
#
# Device specific configuration
#
#
#
# The first device is a Sangoma S502E
#
[sdla0]
Type=Sangoma # Type of the device to configure, currently only
# SANGOMA is recognised
#
# These keys are specific to the 'Sangoma' type
#
# The type of Sangoma board - S502A, S502E, S508
Board=S502E
#
# The name of the test firmware for the Sangoma board
# Testware=/usr/src/frad-0.10/bin/sdla_tst.502
#
# The name of the FR firmware
# Firmware=/usr/src/frad-0.10/bin/frm_rel.502
#
Port=360 # Port for this particular card
Mem=C8 # Address of memory window, A0-EE, depending on c
ard
IRQ=5 # IRQ number, do not supply for S502A
DLCIs=1 # Number of DLCI's attached to this device
DLCI_1=16 # DLCI #1's number, 16 - 991
# DLCI_2=17
# DLCI_3=18
# DLCI_4=19
# DLCI_5=20
#
# Specified here, these apply to this device only,
# and override defaults from above
#
# Access=CPE # CPE or NODE, default is CPE
# Flags=TXIgnore,RXIgnore,BufferFrames,DropAborted,Stats,MCI,AutoDLCI
# Clock=Internal # External or Internal, default is Internal
# Baud=128 # Specified baud rate of attached CSU/DSU
# MTU=2048 # Maximum transmit IFrame length, default is 4096
# T391=10 # T391 value 5 - 30, default is 10
# T392=15 # T392 value 5 - 30, default is 15
# N391=6 # N391 value 1 - 255, default is 6
# N392=3 # N392 value 1 - 10, default is 3
# N393=4 # N393 value 1 - 10, default is 4
#
# The second device is some other card
#
# [sdla1]
# Type=FancyCard # Type of the device to configure.
# Board= # Type of Sangoma board
# Key=Value # values specific to this type of device
#
# DLCI Default configuration parameters
# These may be overridden in the DLCI specific configurations
#
CIRfwd=64 # CIR forward 1 - 64
# Bc_fwd=16 # Bc forward 1 - 512
# Be_fwd=0 # Be forward 0 - 511
# CIRbak=16 # CIR backward 1 - 64
# Bc_bak=16 # Bc backward 1 - 512
# Be_bak=0 # Be backward 0 - 511
#
# DLCI Configuration
# These are all optional. The naming convention is
# [DLCI_D<devicenum>_<DLCI_Num>]
#
[DLCI_D1_16]
# IP=
# Net=
# Mask=
# Flags defined by Sangoma: TXIgnore,RXIgnore,BufferFrames
# DLCIFlags=TXIgnore,RXIgnore,BufferFrames
# CIRfwd=64
# Bc_fwd=512
# Be_fwd=0
# CIRbak=64
# Bc_bak=512
# Be_bak=0
[DLCI_D2_16]
# IP=
# Net=
# Mask=
# Flags defined by Sangoma: TXIgnore,RXIgnore,BufferFrames
# DLCIFlags=TXIgnore,RXIgnore,BufferFrames
# CIRfwd=16
# Bc_fwd=16
# Be_fwd=0
# CIRbak=16
# Bc_bak=16
# Be_bak=0
</verb>
/etc/frad/router.conf ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¸¸µé¾úÀ¸¸é, ½ÇÁ¦ µð¹ÙÀ̽º¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÏ´Â Àϸ¸ ³²
¾Ò´Ù. À̰ÍÀº º¸ÅëÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µð¹ÙÀ̽º ¼³Á¤º¸´Ù Á¶±Ý º¹ÀâÇϸç, DLCI ÀÎĸ½¶
·¹ÀÌ¼Ç µð¹ÙÀ̽º Àü¿¡ FRAD µð¹ÙÀ̽º¸¦ °¡Á®¿Í¾ß ÇÔÀ» ±â¾ïÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
<verb>
# Configure the frad hardware and the DLCI parameter
/sbin/fradcfg /etc/frad/router.conf || exit 1
/sbin/dlcicfg file /etc/frad/router.conf
# Bring up the FRAD device
ifconfig sdla0 up
#
# Configure the DLCI encapsulation interface and routing
ifconfig dlci00 192.168.10.1 pointopoint 192.168.10.2 up
route add 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dlci00
#
ifconfig dlci01 192.168.11.1 pointopoint 192.168.11.2 up
route add 192.168.11.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dlci00
#
route add default dev dlci00
#
</verb>
</p>
<sect1>IP ¾îÄ«¿îÆÃ.
<p>
¸®´ª½º Ä¿³ÎÀÇ IP ¾îÄ«¿îÆÃ feature´Â ¸î¸î ³×Æ®¿öÅ© »ç¿ë µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ ¼öÁýÇϰí
ºÐ¼®ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇØÁØ´Ù. ¼öÁýµÈ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ´Â ±×°ÍÀÌ ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î ¸®¼ÂµÈ ÀÌÈÄ¿¡ ¸î°³
ÀÇ ÆÐŶ°ú ÃàÀûµÈ ¸î°³ÀÇ ¹ÙÀÌÆ®·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. ¿©·¯ºÐÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸ñÀû¿¡ ¸Â°Ô
°¢ figure¸¦ ºÐ·ùÇÏ´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ ·êÀ» ¸í½ÃÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
Kernel Compile Options:
Networking options --->
[*] IP: accounting
Ä¿³ÎÀ» ÄÄÆÄÀÏÇÏ°í ¼³Ä¡Çѵڿ¡ IP ¾îÄ«¿îÆÃÀ» ¼³Á¤Çϱâ À§Çؼ´Â ipfwadm ¸í·É
À» »ç¿ëÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ´Ù. ¼±ÅÃÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Â IP ¾îÄ«¿îÆÃÀÇ ºÐ·ù¹æ¹ýÀº ¸¹ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
³ª´Â »ç¿ëÇϱâ ÁÁÀº °£´ÜÇÑ ¿¹Á¦¸¦ Çϳª ¼±ÅÃÇßÀ¸¸ç, ´õ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¿øÇϸé
ipfwadm ¸ÇÆäÀÌÁö¸¦ Àо±â ¹Ù¶õ´Ù.
½Ã³ª¸®¿À: PPP·Î ÀÎÅͳݿ¡ ¿¬°áµÈ ÀÌ´õ³Ý ³×Æ®¿öÅ©°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ´õ³Ý »ó¿¡´Â ¥y°¡
Áö ¼ºñ½º¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ¸Ó½ÅÀÌ ÀÖ°í, telnet, rogin, ftp, www µî¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¹ß»ýÇÏ
´Â Æ®·¡ÇÈÀ» ¾Ë°í½Í¾î ÇÑ´Ù.
¾Æ¸¶µµ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ º¸ÀÌ´Â ¸í·É¾î ¼ÂÀ» »ç¿ëÇÒ°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
<verb>
#
# Flush the accounting rules
ipfwadm -A -f
#
# Add rules for local ethernet segment
ipfwadm -A in -a -P tcp -D 44.136.8.96/29 20
ipfwadm -A out -a -P tcp -S 44.136.8.96/29 20
ipfwadm -A in -a -P tcp -D 44.136.8.96/29 23
ipfwadm -A out -a -P tcp -S 44.136.8.96/29 23
ipfwadm -A in -a -P tcp -D 44.136.8.96/29 80
ipfwadm -A out -a -P tcp -S 44.136.8.96/29 80
ipfwadm -A in -a -P tcp -D 44.136.8.96/29 513
ipfwadm -A out -a -P tcp -S 44.136.8.96/29 513
ipfwadm -A in -a -P tcp -D 44.136.8.96/29
ipfwadm -A out -a -P tcp -D 44.136.8.96/29
ipfwadm -A in -a -P udp -D 44.136.8.96/29
ipfwadm -A out -a -P udp -D 44.136.8.96/29
ipfwadm -A in -a -P icmp -D 44.136.8.96/29
ipfwadm -A out -a -P icmp -D 44.136.8.96/29
#
# Rules for default
ipfwadm -A in -a -P tcp -D 0/0 20
ipfwadm -A out -a -P tcp -S 0/0 20
ipfwadm -A in -a -P tcp -D 0/0 23
ipfwadm -A out -a -P tcp -S 0/0 23
ipfwadm -A in -a -P tcp -D 0/0 80
ipfwadm -A out -a -P tcp -S 0/0 80
ipfwadm -A in -a -P tcp -D 0/0 513
ipfwadm -A out -a -P tcp -S 0/0 513
ipfwadm -A in -a -P tcp -D 0/0
ipfwadm -A out -a -P tcp -D 0/0
ipfwadm -A in -a -P udp -D 0/0
ipfwadm -A out -a -P udp -D 0/0
ipfwadm -A in -a -P icmp -D 0/0
ipfwadm -A out -a -P icmp -D 0/0
#
# List the rules
ipfwadm -A -l -n
#
</verb>
¸¶Áö¸·ÀÇ ¸í·ÉÀº °¢ ¾îÄ«¿îÆÃ ·êÀ» ¸®½ºÆÃÇÏ°í ¼öÁýµÈ Åä´Þ Á¤º¸¸¦ º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù.
IP ¾îÄ«¿îÆÃÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇÒ¶§ ÁÖÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÒ Áß¿äÇÑ Á¡Àº ¸ÅÄ¡ÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ·ê¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Åä
Å»ÀÌ Áõ°¡µÉ°ÍÀ̶ó´Â Á¡Àε¥, ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ´Ù¸¥ figure¸¦ ¾ò±â À§Çؼ´Â ÀûÀýÇÑ ¼ö
ÇÐÀû 󸮸¦ ÇØ¾ßÇÒ Çʿ䰡 ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î¼ ¾ó¸¶³ª ¸¹Àº µ¥ÀÌÅͰ¡ ftp, teln
et, rlogin, wwwÀÇ µ¥ÀÌÅͰ¡ ¾Æ´Ñ °ÍÀÎÁö¸¦ ¾Ë°í ½Í´Ù¸é, ¸ðµç Æ÷Æ®¿¡ ¸ÅÄ¡µÇ´Â
·ê¿¡¼ °³º°ÀûÀÎ(ftp, telnet, rlogin, wwwÀÇ) ÅäÅ»À» »©°Ú´Ù.
<verb>
# ipfwadm -A -l -n
IP accounting rules
pkts bytes dir prot source destination ports
0 0 in tcp 0.0.0.0/0 44.136.8.96/29 * -> 20
0 0 out tcp 44.136.8.96/29 0.0.0.0/0 20 -> *
0 0 in tcp 0.0.0.0/0 44.136.8.96/29 * -> 23
0 0 out tcp 44.136.8.96/29 0.0.0.0/0 23 -> *
10 1166 in tcp 0.0.0.0/0 44.136.8.96/29 * -> 80
10 572 out tcp 44.136.8.96/29 0.0.0.0/0 80 -> *
242 9777 in tcp 0.0.0.0/0 44.136.8.96/29 * -> 513
220 18198 out tcp 44.136.8.96/29 0.0.0.0/0 513 -> *
252 10943 in tcp 0.0.0.0/0 44.136.8.96/29 * -> *
231 18831 out tcp 0.0.0.0/0 44.136.8.96/29 * -> *
0 0 in udp 0.0.0.0/0 44.136.8.96/29 * -> *
0 0 out udp 0.0.0.0/0 44.136.8.96/29 * -> *
0 0 in icmp 0.0.0.0/0 44.136.8.96/29 *
0 0 out icmp 0.0.0.0/0 44.136.8.96/29 *
0 0 in tcp 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 * -> 20
0 0 out tcp 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 20 -> *
0 0 in tcp 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 * -> 23
0 0 out tcp 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 23 -> *
10 1166 in tcp 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 * -> 80
10 572 out tcp 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 80 -> *
243 9817 in tcp 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 * -> 513
221 18259 out tcp 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 513 -> *
253 10983 in tcp 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 * -> *
231 18831 out tcp 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 * -> *
0 0 in udp 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 * -> *
0 0 out udp 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 * -> *
0 0 in icmp 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 *
0 0 out icmp 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 *
#
</verb>
</p>
<sect1> IP ¾Ë¸®¾Æ½Ì.
<p>
ÇϳªÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡ ¿©·¯°³ÀÇ IP ¾îµå·¹½º¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¸î°¡Áö ÀÀ¿ë ÇÁ·Î±×
·¥ÀÌ Àִµ¥ À̰ÍÀº ²Ï ¾µ¸¸ÇÏ´Ù. ÀÎÅÍ³Ý ¼ºñ½º Á¦°øÀÚ´Â °í°´¿¡°Ô Á¦°øÇÏ´Â w
wwÀ̳ª ftp¿¡ ÀÌ 'customized'¸¦ Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù.
Kernel Compile Options:
Networking options --->
....
[*] Network aliasing
....
<*> IP: aliasing support
IP ¾Ë¸®¾Æ½º ±â´ÉÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© Ä¿³ÎÀ» ÄÄÆÄÀÏÇÏ°í ¼³Ä¡ÇÑ µÚÀÇ ¼³Á¤Àº ¸Å¿ì °£´Ü
ÇÏ´Ù. ¾Ë¸®¾Æ½º´Â ½ÇÁ¦ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µð¹ÙÀ̽º¿Í ¿¬°üµÈ °¡»ó ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µð¹ÙÀ̽º·Î
Ãß°¡µÈ´Ù. °£°£ÇÑ À̸§Áþ±â ±Ô¾àÀº ÀÌ µð¹ÙÀ̽º¿¡ <devname>:<virtual dev num>
, ¿¹¸¦µé¾î eth0:0, ppp0:10ÀÇ ÇüÅ·ΠÀû¿ëµÈ´Ù.
¿¹·Î½á, µÎ°³ÀÇ ¼·Î´Ù¸¥ IP ¼ºê³ÝÀ» µ¿½Ã¿¡ Áö¿øÇÏ´Â ÀÌ´õ³Ý ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¸¦ °¡Áö
°í ÀÖ´Ù°í °¡Á¤ÇÏ°í µÎ°³ ¸ðµÎ·ÎÀÇ ´ÙÀÌ·ºÆ® ¾ï¼¼½º¸¦ ÇÒ¼öÀÖ´Ù¸é ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ
»ç¿ëÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
<verb>
#
# ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
# route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 eth0:0
#
# ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.10.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
# route add -net 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0
#
</verb>
¾Ë¸®¾Æ½º¸¦ Áö¿ì·Á¸é ±×°ÍÀÇ À̸§µÚ¿¡ °£´ÜÈ÷ '-'¸¦ Ãß°¡ÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.
<verb>
# ifconfig eth0:0- 0
</verb>
ÀÌ ¾Ë¸®¾Æ½º¿¡ °ü·ÃµÈ ¸ðµç ¶ó¿ìÆ®°¡ ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î Áö¿öÁú°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
</p>
<sect1> IP ÆÄÀ̾î¿ù
<p>
IP ÆÄÀ̾î¿ù°ú ÆÄÀ̾î¿ù °ü·Ã À̽´´Â firewall-howto¿¡¼ ±íÀÌ ´Ù·ç¾îÁø´Ù. IP
ÆÄÀ̾î¿ù¸µÀº ÇÊÅ͸µ°ú ÁöÁ¤µÈ IP·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥¸¸ Çã¿ëÇÏ´Â µîÀÇ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸
·Î Çã°¡µÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¾ï¼¼½º·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸Ó½ÅÀ» º¸È£ÇØÁØ´Ù. ¼¼°¡Áö Ŭ·¡½ºÀÇ
·êÀÌ Àִµ¥, incoming filtering, outgoing filtering, forwarding filtering
µîÀÌ´Ù. Incoming ·êÀº ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µð¹ÙÀ̽º·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌ´Â µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥¿¡ Àû¿ë
µÈ´Ù. Outgoing ·êÀº ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µð¹ÙÀ̽º¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Àü¼ÛµÇ´Â µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥¿¡ Àû¿ëµÈ
´Ù. Filterling ·êÀº ¿¹¸¦µé¾î ¶ó¿ìÆÃµÈ µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥°ú °°ÀÌ ÀÌ ¸Ó½ÅÀ» ÇâÇÏÁö
¾ÊÁö¸¸ ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌ´Â µ¥ÀÌÅͱ׷¥¿¡ Àû¿ëµÈ´Ù.
Kernel Compile Options:
Networking options --->
[*] Network firewalls
....
[*] IP: forwarding/gatewaying
....
[*] IP: firewalling
[ ] IP: firewall packet logging
IP ÆÄÀ̾î¿ù ·êÀÇ ¼³Á¤Àº ipfwadm ¸í·ÉÀ» ÅëÇØ¼ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. ÀÌ¹Ì ¾ð±ÞÇß´Ù½Ã
ÇÇ, º¸¾ÈÀº ³» Àü¹®ºÐ¾ß°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¸ç ³»°¡ ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¿¹Á¦¸¦ Á¦°øÇÑ
´Ù ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ, º¸¾ÈÀÌ Àڽſ¡°Å Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù¸é ¿©·¯ºÐ ½º½º·Î°¡ ¿¬±¸ÇÏ°í °³¹ßÇØ¾ß
ÇÑ´Ù.
IP ÆÄÀ̾î¿ùÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °¡Àå ÈçÇÑ °æ¿ì´Â Çã°¡µÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¿ÜºÎ·ÎºÎÅÍ
ÀÇ ¾ï¼¼½º¸¦ ¸·±âÀ§ÇÏ¿© ¸®´ª½º¸Ó½ÅÀ» ¶ó¿ìÅͳª ÆÄÀ̾î¿ù °ÔÀÌÆ®¿þÀÌ·Î ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ
´Â °æ¿ìÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¼³Á¤Àº Arnt Gulbrandsen, <<url url="mailto:agulbra@troll.no" name="agulbra@troll.no">>ÀÇ ±â°í¿¡ ±Ù°ÅÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¾Æ·¡ÀÇ ¿¹´Â ÀÌ ´ÙÀ̾î±×·¥¿¡ ±×·ÁÁø°Í°ú °°Àº ¸®´ª½º ÆÄÀ̾î¿ù/¶ó¿ìÅÍ ¸Ó½ÅÀÇ
ÆÄÀ̾î¿ù ¼³Á¤À» ¼³¸íÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù.
<verb>
- -
\ | 172.16.37.0
\ | /255.255.255.0
\ --------- |
| 172.16.174.30 | Linux | |
NET =================| f/w |------| ..37.19
| PPP | router| | --------
/ --------- |--| Mail |
/ | | /DNS |
/ | --------
- -
</verb>
´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¸í·ÉÀº º¸Åë rc ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ µé¾îÀÖ¾î¼ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ ºÎÆÃµÉ¶§¸¶´Ù ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ½Ç
ÇàµÉ°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÃÖ´ëÇÑÀÇ º¸¾ÈÀ» À§Çؼ À̰ÍÀº ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼³Á¤ÀÌ ³¡³µÚ¿¡ ±×·¯³ª
³×Æ®¿öÅ©°¡ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ÁغñµÇ±â Àü¿¡, (ÆÄÀ̾î¿ùÀÌ ¸®ºÎÆÃÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡ ´©±º°¡°¡ ¾ï
¼¼½º ±ÇÇÑÀ» ¾ò´Â°ÍÀ» ¸·±âÀ§Çؼ´Â), ¼öÇàµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
<verb>
#!/bin/sh
# Flush the 'Forwarding' rules table
# Change the default policy to 'accept'
#
/sbin/ipfwadm -F -f
/sbin/ipfwadm -F -p accept
#
#.. and for 'Incoming'
#
/sbin/ipfwadm -I -f
/sbin/ipfwadm -I -p accept
# First off, seal off the PPP interface
# I'd love to use '-a deny' instead of '-a reject -y' but then it
# would be impossible to originate connections on that interface too.
# The -o causes all rejected datagrams to be logged. This trades
# disk space against knowledge of an attack of configuration error.
#
/sbin/ipfwadm -I -a reject -y -o -P tcp -S 0/0 -D 172.16.174.30
# Throw away certain kinds of obviously forged packet packets right away.
# Nothing should come from multicast/anycast/broadcast addresses.
#
/sbin/ipfwadm -F -a deny -o -S 224.0/3 -D 172.16.37.0/24
#
# and nothing coming from the loopback network should ever be
# seen on a wire
/sbin/ipfwadm -F -a deny -o -S 127.0/8 -D 172.16.37.0/24
# accept incoming SMTP and DNS connections, but only
# to the Mail/Name Server
#
/sbin/ipfwadm -F -a accept -P tcp -S 0/0 -D 172.16.37.19 25 53
#
# DNS uses UDP as well as TCP, so allow that too
# for question to our name server
#
/sbin/ipfwadm -F -a accept -P udp -S 0/0 -D 172.16.37.19 53
#
# but not "answers" coming to dangerous ports like NFS and
# Larry McVoy's NFS extension. If you run squid, add its port here.
#
/sbin/ipfwadm -F -a deny -o -P udp -S 0/0 53 \
-D 172.16.37.0/24 2049 2050
# answers to other user port are okay
#
/sbin/ipfwadm-F -a accept -P udp -S 0/0 53 \
-D 172.16.37.0/24 53 1024:65535
# Reject incoming connections to identd
# We use 'reject' here so that the connecting host is told
# straight away not to bother continuing, otherwise we'd experience
# delays while ident timed out.
#
/sbin/ipfwadm -F -a reject -o -P tcp -S 0/0 -D 172.16.37.0/24 113
# Accept some common service connections from the 192.168.64 and
# 192.168.65 networks, they are friends that we trust.
#
/sbin/ipfwadm -F -a accept -P tcp -S 192.168.64.0/23 \
-D 172.16.37.0/24 20:23
# accept and pass thruough anything originating inside
#
/sbin/ipfwadm -F -a accept -P tcp -S 172.16.37.0/24 -D 0/0
# deny most other incoming TCP connections, and log them
# (append 1:1023 if you have problems with ftp not working)
#
/sbin/ipfwadm -F -a deny -o -y - tcp -S 0/0 -D 172.16.37.0/24
# ... for UDP too
#
/sbin/ipfwadm -F -a deny -o -P udp -S 0/0 -D 172.16.37.0/24
</verb>
ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ÆÄÀ̾î¿ùÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº Á¶±Ý º¹ÀâÇÏ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿¹´Â ¿©·¯ºÐ¿¡°Ô ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀÎ
½ÃÀÛÁ¡ÀÌ µÉ°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ipfwadmÀÇ ¸ÇÆäÀÌÁö´Â ÀÌ ÅøÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ µµ
¿òÀ» Á¦°øÇØ ÁÙ°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸¸¾à ÆÄÀ̾î¿ùÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇϰíÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù¸é, ¹ÏÀ»¸¸ ÇÏ´Ù°í »ý
°¢ÇÏ´Â ¼Ò½º·Î ºÎÅÍ ¸¹Àº ¾îµå¹ÙÀ̽º¸¦ ¾ò°í ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¿ÜºÎ¿¡¼ Å×½ºÅ©¸¦ ÇØº¸
±â ¹Ù¶õ´Ù.
</p>
<sect1> IPX (AF_IPX)
<p>
IPX ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀº ´ë°³ ³ëº§ ³×Æ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ·ÎÄà ¿¡¸®¾î ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ȯ°æ¿¡¼ Ȱ¿ëµÈ
´Ù. ¸®´ª½º´Â ÀÌ ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀÇ Áö¿øÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇϰí ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, IPXÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¿£µåÆ÷ÀÎ
Æ®(endpoint) ¶Ç´Â ¶ó¿ìÅÍ·Î ¼³Á¤µÉ°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
Kernel Compile Options:
Networking options --->
[*] The IPX protocol
[ ] Full internal IPX network
IPX ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄݰú NCPFS´Â IPX-HOWTO¿¡¼ ±íÀÌ ´Ù·ç¾îÁø´Ù.
</p>
<sect1> IPv6
<p>
¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ¸· IP ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¸¦ ÀÌÇØÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇß´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÒ¶§ ·êÀº º¯°æµÈ´Ù! IPv6
´Â ÀÎÅÍ³Ý ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀÇ ¹öÀü 6¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °£´ÜÇÑ ±â·ÏÀÌ´Ù. IPv6´Â ÀÎÅÍ³Ý »çȸÀÇ
ÇÒ´çÇÒ ¾îµå·¹½º°¡ ºÎÁ·ÇÏ´Ù´Â ¿ì·Á¸¦ ±Øº¹Çϱâ À§Çؼ °³¹ßµÇ¾ú´Ù. IPv6 ¾îµå
·¹½º´Â 32byte(128bit)ÀÇ ±æÀÌÀÌ´Ù. IPv6´Â ´Ù¸¥ º¯°æ»çÇ×À» Æ÷ÇÔÇϰí Àִµ¥
´ë°³´Â °£¼ÒÈ¿¡ °üÇѰÍÀ̰í À̰ÍÀÌ IPv4¿¡ ºñÇØ IPv6¸¦ ´Ù·ç±â ½±°Ô ¸¸µé¾î ÁØ
´Ù.
¸®´ª½º´Â 2.1.* Ä¿³Î¿¡ IPv6¸¦ Áö¿øÇϰí ÀÖÁö¸¸ ¿ÏÀüÇѰÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
½Å¼¼´ëÀÇ ÀÎÅÍ³Ý ±â¼úÀ» ½ÇÇèÇÏ°í ½Í´Ù¸é, ¶Ç´Â À̰ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù¸é, www.terra.
net¿¡¼ ±¸ÇÒ¼öÀÖ´Â IPv6-FAQ¸¦ Àо±â ¹Ù¶õ´Ù.
<<url url="http://www.terra.net/ipv6/" name="www.terra.net/ipv6/">>.
³ª¸ÓÁö´Â 7¿ù 23ÀÏ ±îÁö ¿Ã¸³´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ ¹®¼¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹ö±× ¸®Æ÷Æ®´Â <url url="mailto:sudoer@nownuri.net" name="sudoer@nownuri.net">À¸·Î ÇØÁֽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.
</p>
</article>
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